Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions
Browse 35,704 questions from Cambridge O-Level & A-Level and Pearson Edexcel IGCSE & IAL exams. Click any question to practice.
When bromoethane reacts with hot ethanolic sodium hydroxide a colourless gas is formed. This gas decolourises aqueous bromine. What is the colourle...
Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain one triple C≡C bond. Like alkenes, alkynes take part in addition reactions. A saturated compound can be forme...
Bromine reacts with alkenes by an electrophilic addition mechanism in which a cation is formed as an intermediate. Which mixture will produce the m...
Halogenoalkanes react with hot ethanolic potassium cyanide. The reaction mechanism is either Sɴ1 or Sɴ2. Which statement is correct?
X, Y and Z are three isomeric alcohols. X CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH Y CH₃CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CH₃ Z (CH₃)₂C(OH)CH₂CH₃ Separate samples of each alcohol are warmed wi...
Compound G gives a pale yellow precipitate with alkaline I₂(aq). What could be compound G?
The mechanism for the reaction between ethanal and hydrogen cyanide starts with the step shown. [Figure of reaction mechanism, step 1] What is the ...
Compound X has stereoisomers and forms a precipitate when warmed with Fehling's reagent. What could be the structure of compound X?
Which reaction will form propanoic acid?
Lactide is an intermediate in the manufacture of a synthetic fibre. [Figure of lactide molecule] Which compound, on heating with an acid catalyst, ...
The diagram shows the relative abundance of different isotopes of lead in a sample of lead ore. The abundance of 208 is half that of 206. The abund...
Tellurium is an element in Group 16. The most common isotope of tellurium is ¹³⁰Te. Its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁴.
A neutralisation reaction occurs when NaOH(aq) is added to H₂SO₄(aq). equation 1 2NaOH(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) → Na₂SO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
Chlorine is a very reactive element.
V is a colourless liquid. [Figure 4.1]
Molecule M is present in petrol, a fuel used in cars. M is a saturated, non-cyclic hydrocarbon. M contains eight carbon atoms.
The melting points of some solids are shown in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 solid | melting point/K ---|--- magnesium | 923 phosphorus | 317 sodium chlorid...
Chlorine is a reactive element. It forms many compounds.
Fig. 3.1 describes a sequence of reactions that can be used to produce a food additive, compound Y, from CH3CH2Cl. X step 1 step 2 step 3 CH3CH2Cl ...
In industry, ethanol is made by reacting ethene with steam in the presence of H3PO4. reaction 1 C2H4(g) + H2O(g) ⇌ C2H5OH(g)
Describe structural isomerism.
Copper is used in electrical equipment. It has a melting point of 1085 °C.
The reaction of pure aluminium is only observed if the aluminium oxide layer is removed first. When pure aluminium is added to cold water, bubbles ...
A neutralisation reaction occurs when NaOH(aq) is added to H2SO4(aq). equation 1 2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
Hydrogen chloride gas is made in the laboratory by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to potassium chloride.
Y is formed from X in a single-step reaction, as shown in Fig. 5.1. [Figure 5.1]
Compound W, CH2=CHCN, is used to make an addition polymer which is present in carbon fibres.
The thiosulfate ion, S2O3²⁻, decomposes when an acid is added. S2O3²⁻(aq) + 2H⁺(aq) → S(s) + SO2(aq) + H2O(l) The rate of this reaction can be inve...
Many salts contain water of crystallisation which can be removed by heating to form the anhydrous salt. You will determine the enthalpy change of d...
Read through the whole method before starting any practical work. Where appropriate, prepare a table for your results in the space provided. Show t...
In this experiment you will determine the relative atomic mass, A, of another metal, X, by a titration method using the metal carbonate, X2CO3. FB ...
2 The reaction between thiosulfate ions and hydrogen ions produces a precipitate of sulfur. When the concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+(aq)], is k...
Group 2 nitrates decompose when heated. Describe how the thermal stability of Group 2 nitrates changes with increasing proton number. Explain your ...
Some transition element complexes can show stereoisomerism. State two types of stereoisomerism shown by transition element complexes. 1 2
Aqueous acidified iodate(V) ions, IO3¯, react with iodide ions, as shown. IO3¯ + 6H+ + 5I¯ → 3I2 + 3H2O The initial rate of this reaction is invest...
State the hybridisation of the carbon atoms and the C–C-H bond angle in benzene, C6H6. Explain how orbital overlap leads to the formation of σ and ...
The exhaust systems of most modern gasoline-fuelled cars contain a catalytic converter with three metal catalysts. These metals act as heterogeneou...
Compound H has the structural formula CH2=CHCH(NH2)COOH. Name all the functional groups in H.
State the relative basicities of ethanamide, diethylamine and ethylamine in aqueous solution. Explain your answer. most basic > least basic
Complete Table 8.1 by placing one tick (✓) in each row to indicate the sign of each type of energy change under standard conditions. [Table 8.1]
Group 2 carbonates decompose when heated to form the metal oxide and carbon dioxide.
Aqueous solutions of cobalt(II) salts contain the complex ion [Co(H2O)6]2+.
Table 3.2 shows some energy changes. [Table 3.2]
In aqueous solution, iron(III) ions react with iodide ions, as shown. 2Fe3+ + 2I- → 2Fe2+ + I2 A series of experiments is carried out using differe...
Methylbenzene can undergo different reactions, as shown in Fig. 5.1. [Figure 5.1]
Perindopril is a drug used to treat heart disease. [Figure 6.1, structure of perindopril]
Fig. 7.1 shows some reactions of phenol. [Figure 7.1]
Compound T, C5H9O2Cl, is a useful synthetic intermediate. Fig. 8.1 shows some reactions of T. [Figure 8.1]
An electrochemical cell is set up to measure E°cell of a cell consisting of an Fe3+ /Fe2+ half-cell and a Cl2/Cl- half-cell. Include all necessary ...
Some transition element complexes can show stereoisomerism.