Complete Table 8.1 by placing one tick (✓) in each row to indicate the sign of each type of energy change under standard conditions. [Table 8.1]
- (a)Complete Table 8.1 by placing one tick (✓) in each row to indicate the sign of each type of energy change under standard conditions. [Table 8.1][1]
- (b)Define enthalpy change of hydration.[1]
- (c)(i)Table 8.2 shows various energy changes which can be used in the following questions. [Table 8.2] Select and use relevant data from Table 8.2 to calculate the lattice energy, ΔH°latt, of CaBr2(s). It may be helpful to draw a labelled energy cycle. Show your working.[3]
- (c)(ii)Select and use relevant data from Table 8.2 and your answer to (c)(i) to calculate the standard enthalpy change of hydration, ΔH°hyd, of Br¯. It may be helpful to draw a labelled energy cycle. If you were not able to answer (c)(i), use –2500kJmol˙¹ as your value for ΔH°latt of CaBr2(s). This is not the correct value. Show your working.[2]
- (c)(iii)The enthalpy change of hydration of the Br¯ ion is more negative than the enthalpy change of hydration of the I¯ ion. Explain why.[2]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] energy change always positive always negative either negative or positive lattice energy ✓ enthalpy of hydration ✓ enthalpy of solution ✓ All correct for one mark
- [1] The energy / enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in water
- [3] M1 use of correct six numbers only 682.8 178.2 590 1145 111.9 324.6
- [3] M2 2x used correctly with Br (2 × 111.9 and 2 × 324.6)
- [3] M3 correct signs and evaluation to give –2170.6 kJ mol⁻¹
- [2] M1 use of correct three numbers only 2170.6 103.1 and 1579
- [2] M2 correct signs & evaluation –347 kJ mol⁻¹
- [2] M1 Br⁻ has a smaller ionic radius
- [2] M2 Br⁻ has stronger attractive forces with water molecules
Write your answer and get it marked
On Oracle Prep you can write or photograph your own answer and have it marked by AI against this mark scheme, with feedback on what you missed.
Sign up free →