Chlorine is a very reactive element.

1. (a)Chlorine reacts with silicon to form silicon(IV) chloride. Describe the appearance of silicon(IV) chloride at room temperature and pressure. State its structure and bonding. appearance structure and bonding[2]
2. (b)Samples of magnesium chloride and phosphorus(V) chloride are added to separate beakers of cold water. Complete Table 3.1. Ignore temperature changes when considering observations for these reactions. [Table 3.1][4]
3. (c)(i)State the reagent and conditions required for the formation of sodium chlorate(V) from Cl₂(g).[1]
4. (c)(ii)Explain why the reaction in (c)(i) is described as a disproportionation reaction. Your answer should refer to relevant species and their oxidation numbers.[1]
5. (d)(i)Chlorine reacts with methane in a series of reactions to produce chloroalkanes. State the conditions required for chlorine to react with methane.[1]
6. (d)(ii)One of the products of the reaction is CH₂Cl₂ which reacts further to produce CHCl₃. Complete Table 3.2 to show details of the mechanism that forms CHCl₃ from CH₂Cl₂. [Table 3.2][3]
7. (e)CHCl₃ and HF are used to form CHClF₂ in a substitution reaction. Construct an equation for this reaction.[1]
8. (f)X is a product of the substitution reaction that occurs when CHClF₂ reacts with Br₂. There is only one naturally occurring isotope of fluorine, ¹⁹F. The mass spectrum of X shows molecular ion peaks at m/e = 164, 166 and 168. Complete Table 3.3 to show all the molecular ions responsible for each peak. [Table 3.3][2]