Cambridge Past Paper Questions
Browse 23,045questions from 25 years of O-Level & A-Level exams. Click any question to practice.
What is a definition of transpiration?
Which are present in the walls of arteries?
The statements list some of the events in the cardiac cycle. They are not in the correct order. Which statement describes the fifth of these events...
Which row correctly identifies the molecules or cells that are present in the different locations?
When active tissues have high carbon dioxide concentrations, oxyhaemoglobin releases oxygen to these tissues. What encourages this release in the p...
The graph shows oxygen dissociation curves of haemoglobin at two different carbon dioxide concentrations. The partial pressure of oxygen in the lun...
Four types of cell in the gas exchange system are listed. J alveolus epithelium cell K ciliated cell L goblet cell M smooth muscle cell The ticks (...
Some symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are listed. 1 bursting of alveoli 2 loss of elastic fibres 3 increase in secretion of...
The diagram shows properties of diseases. Which shows the properties that are common to tuberculosis (TB) and measles? [Figure 35.1]
The diagram shows some of the pathogens that cause disease in humans and some of the ways they are transmitted. [Figure 36.1] What is the correct p...
Different antibiotics function in different ways. It is important that the antibiotic kills the bacteria, but does not harm the infected human. The...
Immune response to a vaccination against a virus can be assessed by making three measurements: 1 the concentration of anti-virus antibody in the bl...
The enzyme telomerase prevents loss of telomeres after many mitotic cell cycles. Which types of white blood cell involved in an autoimmune conditio...
Which features of monoclonal antibodies make them useful in the diagnosis and treatment of disease? 1 A particular monoclonal antibody attaches to ...
Fig. 1.1 shows the structure of the amino acid glycine. [Figure 1.1]
Fig. 2.1 is a transmission electron micrograph showing the bacterial pathogen that causes tuberculosis (TB). [Figure 2.1]
A student carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of increasing the concentration of sucrose solution on the mass of potato tissue. • P...
(a) Fig. 4.1 is a photomicrograph of a human blood smear. [Figure 4.1]
Myasthenia gravis is a condition that results in muscle weakness by affecting the immune response.
Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph of a transverse section through the stem of creeping buttercup, Ranunculus repens. [Figure 1.1]
People who smoke tobacco are at an increased risk of developing non-infectious diseases of the gas exchange system and the cardiovascular system. I...
A red blood cell goes through a number of stages in the bone marrow before it is released into the circulation to carry out its role of oxygen tran...
Carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids are types of biological molecule. Within each type, there are examples of molecules that can be described...
Countries that have a high number of cases of malaria also have problems with diseases caused by bacteria. This means that many people in these cou...
Telomerase is an enzyme that is important in maintaining the telomeres that are located at the ends of chromosomes.
Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of a molecule of haemoglobin.
Meristematic tissue is found in the growing region of plants, such as root tips. Fig. 2.1 shows a section through the meristematic region of a root...
The tomato plant, Solanum lycopersicum, does not tolerate periods of drought (water shortage). Researchers have produced a tomato plant that has an...
In mammals, arteries branch to form smaller blood vessels called arterioles. Arterioles branch to form capillaries that supply blood to tissues. Fi...
Influenza is an infectious disease caused by the influenza A virus. This virus causes influenza in birds and mammals. Fig. 5.1 is a diagram of an i...
Fig. 6.1 is a diagram of the cell surface membrane of a squamous epithelial cell lining an alveolus.
J1 is a slide of a stained transverse section of a plant stem. You are not expected to be familiar with this specimen. Use a sharp pencil for drawi...
ADH is a hormone that is released into the blood of a mammal when changes occur in the internal environment.
The stickleback fish, *Gasterosteus aculeatus*, has two distinct forms, the saltwater form and the freshwater form. The larger, freshwater form is ...
Therapeutic proteins are used to treat disease. The first purified therapeutic protein used was insulin, in 1922. The insulin was extracted from an...
Meiosis has an important role in sexual reproduction. Meiosis occurs during gametogenesis in humans and during the formation of pollen grains and e...
Fig. 5.1 shows the seaweed *Laminaria hyperborea*. This is a photosynthetic protoctist found in the coastal waters around Norway. The seaweed is gr...
The genus *Heliconius* contains more than 40 species of brightly patterned butterflies. Researchers have investigated in the laboratory how one spe...
The Venus fly trap, *Dionaea muscipula*, is a carnivorous plant, native to wetlands of the East Coast of the USA. Mineral ions from decayed organis...
The passage below outlines the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Complete the passage by using the most appropriate scientific ...
The stickleback fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus, has two distinct forms, the saltwater form and the freshwater form. The larger, freshwater form is th...
Fig. 5.1 shows the seaweed Laminaria hyperborea. This is a photosynthetic protoctist found in the coastal waters around Norway. The seaweed is grow...
The genus Heliconius contains more than 40 species of brightly patterned butterflies. Researchers have investigated in the laboratory how one speci...
The Venus fly trap, Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant, native to wetlands of the East Coast of the USA. Mineral ions from decayed organisms...
(a) Compare the characteristic features of members of the kingdoms Fungi and Animalia. [7] (b) Discuss the methods used in breeding programmes for ...
(a) Describe the features of ATP that make it suitable for its role as the universal energy currency of cells. [6] (b) Describe how you would carry...
1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows part of a guard cell. [Figure 1.1] (b) With reference to Fig. 1.1, outline the events that occur in a guard cell during times ...
2 (a) The house mouse, Mus musculus, has a diploid number of 40 chromosomes. Fig. 2.1 shows 6 of these chromosomes. [Figure 2.1] (b) Fig. 2.2 shows...
3 Therapeutic proteins are used to treat disease. One example of a therapeutic protein is human growth hormone (hGH). hGH has important roles in gr...