Cambridge Past Paper Questions
Browse 23,045questions from 25 years of O-Level & A-Level exams. Click any question to practice.
Sodium methoxide, Na⁺CH₃O⁻, reacts with 2-chloro-2-methylpropane in a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The nucleophile is the CH₃O⁻ ion. Which r...
Alcohol X reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to produce a mixture of products. Two of the products are structural isomers of each other. What c...
Which reaction will form a strong organic base?
Which reaction mechanism for the formation of C₂H₅CH(OH)(CN) is correct?
The synthesis shown may be used for the production of propan-1-ol. [Reaction scheme] Which row gives the correct reagents for steps 1 and 2?
The molecular formula of Z is C₄H₈O. The infra-red spectrum of Z is shown. [Infrared spectrum graph] What could be Z?
In which ions are the number of electrons equal to the number of neutrons? 1 ¹⁹F⁻ 2 ³¹P³⁻ 3 ²³Na⁺
Compound X is a straight chain hydrocarbon with an Mr of 84. What can be determined about X? 1 empirical formula 2 molecular formula 3 whether X co...
When a sample of ammonium chloride is warmed it decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas. NH₄Cl(s) → NH₃(g) + HCl(g) reaction 1 [Diagram o...
Hydrogen chloride gas is formed by the reaction shown. H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2HCl(g) What will change the average kinetic energy of the reacting gas par...
Which oxides will cause a change in pH when added to water? 1 CaO 2 Al₂O₃ 3 SiO₂
Which reaction routes can be used to make a pure sample of barium sulfate? [Three reaction schemes]
Cortisone is a synthetic hormone. [Diagram of cortisone structure] Which classes of alcohol does this molecule contain? 1 primary alcohol 2 seconda...
Which changes are commonly involved in the formation of an addition polymer? 1 the formation of a σ-bond 2 the breaking of a π-bond 3 the change in...
Which alcohols can be oxidised to form an organic compound which will give coloured precipitates with both 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent and a...
Which mixtures form a carboxylic acid as one of the products? [Three reaction schemes]
Ethanedioic acid, HO₂CCO₂H, has a relative molecular mass of 90.0.
Carbon monoxide gas, CO(g), and nitrogen gas, N₂(g), are both diatomic molecules. (a) The diagram shows the arrangement of outer electrons in a mol...
Sodium halide salts react with concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.
Aqueous bromine reacts with methanoic acid to form hydrogen bromide and carbon dioxide gas. Br₂(aq) + HCO₂H(aq) → 2HBr(aq) + CO₂(g) The table shows...
Naphtha is a mixture which contains only hydrocarbon molecules.
Propene, C₃H₆, reacts with H₂O in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an alcohol with molecular formula C₃H₈O.
A Group 2 metal combines with bromine to form a crystalline solid, MBr2. Excess aqueous AgNO3 is added to a solution of MBr2 and a precipitate form...
The strength of interaction between particles determines whether the substance is a solid, liquid or gas at room temperature.
A large excess of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane is added to 0.0010mol of NaOH(aq), which contains a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator. A stopwatch i...
The table shows the structural formulae of four compounds, A, B, C and D, with molecular formula C4H8. structural formula | name A CH3CH2CH=CH2 | B...
S is a secondary alcohol with molecular formula C4H10O. [Reaction scheme diagram] S C4H10O step 1 PBr3 T C4H9Br step 2 U C4H9CN step 3 dilute acid ...
The elements in Group 17 are known as the halogens.
Methanol, CH3OH, is soluble in water because it forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
Separate samples of R, S, T and U are added to cold water. The identity of each sample is unknown. However, each sample is known to be pure and can...
1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol can be made by reacting M. [Figure showing M reacting to form 1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol]
Compound X contains the same functional groups as citric acid. [Figure showing the skeletal structure of citric acid] The table describes some of t...
Iron(II) sulfate crystals, FeSO4•xH2O, contain water of crystallisation. You will carry out a titration to determine the value of x in the formula,...
In Question 1 you used a titration method to determine the value of x in a hydrated salt. In Question 2 you will use a gravimetric method. In this ...
When anhydrous sodium carbonate dissolves in water the following reaction occurs. Na2CO3(s) + aq → 2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) The enthalpy change for thi...
2 In this experiment you will determine the value of x in the formula for hydrated sodium thiosulfate, Na₂S₂O₃•xH₂O. In this formula x is an intege...
Dinitrogen pentoxide, N₂O₅, is dissolved in an inert solvent (solv) and the rate of decomposition of N₂O₅ is investigated. This reaction produces n...
The carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR spectrum of compound A, C₈H₈O₂, contains six peaks. Compound A reacts with an excess of bromine water to give compound B, C...
An aqueous solution of chromium(III) contains the green [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex ion.