Sodium halide salts react with concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.
- (a)(i)Write an equation to represent the reaction of NaCl(s) with concentrated sulfuric acid.[1]
- (a)(ii)Name this type of reaction.[1]
- (b)(i)NaI(s) reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid, at room temperature, to form steamy fumes. Identify the chemical responsible for the steamy fumes.[1]
- (b)(ii)The reaction of NaI(s) with concentrated sulfuric acid continues, forming several other products, including a dark grey solid. Identify the chemical responsible for the dark grey solid and one other product of this further reaction. dark grey solid other product[2]
- (c)Explain the differences in observations, at room temperature, when NaI(s) reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid compared to those for NaCl(s).[2]
- (d)Complete the equation for the reaction of Br⁻ with excess concentrated H₂SO₄ at room temperature. ......Br⁻ + ......H⁺ + .H₂SO₄ →[1]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl OR 2NaCl + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2HCl
- [1] displacement / acid-base (reaction)
- [1] hydrogen iodide / HI
- [1] dark grey solid I2 / iodine
- [1] other product S / sulfur OR H2S / hydrogen sulfide OR H2O/water/steam
- [1] M1 iodide ions are strong(er) reducing agents (than chloride ions) ORA
- [1] M2 HI/iodide is oxidised OR HCl/ chloride is not oxidised
- [1] 2Br + 2H+ + H2SO4 Br2 + 2H2O + SO2
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