Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions
Browse 35,704 questions from Cambridge O-Level & A-Level and Pearson Edexcel IGCSE & IAL exams. Click any question to practice.
The table shows a student's predictions for the reactions of three compounds. [Table 35.1: Predictions for reactions] Which rows show the correct...
Which mechanism describes the reaction of aldehydes and ketones with HCN + NaCN?
Propyl propanoate can be synthesised in three steps using propanenitrile as the only organic starting material. In step 1, the nitrile is converte...
The ester CH3CH2CO2CH3 is hydrolysed by boiling with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Which compound is one of the products?
Compound V polymerises to form polymer W. A section of polymer W is shown. [Figure 39.1] What is the correct name of compound V?
A molecule of an organic compound, P, contains three carbon atoms and shows a strong absorption at 1720 cm⁻¹ in its infrared spectrum. P is reacte...
Atoms with nuclei containing an odd number of protons tend to have fewer isotopes than those with an even number of protons.
Magnesium shows reactions typical of a Group 2 metal.
Some of the common chlorides of Period 3 elements are shown in the list. NaCl MgCl2 AlCl3 SiCl4 PCl5
Organic compounds can be distinguished using chemical tests. Table 4.1 shows four pairs of compounds. [Table 4.1 showing pairs A1/A2, B1/B2, C1/C2,...
Lactones are cyclic esters. Under suitable conditions, lactones form from molecules that have both an alcohol and a carboxylic acid functional grou...
Species such as NH4+, CO32- and PO43- are examples of molecular ions.
The chlorides of some of the Period 3 elements are shown in Table 2.1. [Table 2.1]
Organic compounds can be distinguished using chemical tests and analytical techniques. [Table 3.1]
Hydrated copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4•5H2O, can lose its water of crystallisation to form anhydrous copper(II) sulfate. The enthalpy change for the de...
2 In this experiment you will determine the percentage by mass of magnesium in a hydrated salt, MgX•7H2O, where X represents the anion. You will m...
Potassium chloride, KCl, and magnesium chloride, MgCl2, are both ionic solids. [Table 1.1] energy change value/kJ mol-1 standard enthalpy c...
Explain what is meant by the following terms: homogeneous catalyst heterogeneous catalyst [1]
Data should be selected from [Table 3.1] in order to answer some parts of this question. [Table 3.1] electrode reaction E° / V Cl2 + 2e- ⇌ ...
A sample of butanoic acid, CH3(CH2)2COOH, is shaken with a mixture of two immiscible solvents, ethoxyethane and water. The solvents form two layers...
A transition element is a d-block element which forms one or more stable ions with incomplete d-orbitals.
An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate is a blue colour due to the presence of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ complex ions.
The structure of compound P is shown in [Fig. 7.1]. [Figure 7.1 showing structure of compound P: H2N-CH(CH2C6H5)-C(=O)O-CH3] P is optically active....
Benzene, C6H6, is an aromatic molecule.
A mixture of three organic compounds is separated by gas-liquid chromatography. The chromatogram obtained is shown in [Fig. 9.1]. The amount of eac...
Calcium chloride, CaCl₂, is an ionic solid. The values of some energy changes are shown in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 energy change | value/kJ mol⁻¹ latt...
Nitrogen monoxide, NO, reacts with ozone, O₃. NO(g) + O₃(g) → NO₂(g) + O₂(g) This reaction is first order with respect to both NO and O₃. At 298 K,...
Data should be selected from Table 3.1 in order to answer some parts of this question. Table 3.1 electrode reaction | E°/V Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Mg | -2.38 ...
The value of the solubility product, Ksp, of iron(III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)₃, is given by the following expression. Ksp = [Fe³⁺][OH⁻]³ = 2.0 × 10⁻³⁹ m...
Copper is a transition element. It forms a wide variety of compounds.
An aqueous solution of cobalt(II) chloride is a pink colour due to the presence of [Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺ complex ions.
The structural and displayed formulae of three aromatic compounds, A, B and C, are shown in Fig. 7.1. [Figure 7.1] Compare the relative acidities o...
When answering this question it should be assumed that together all the hydrogen atoms in a benzene ring result in a single unsplit peak at δ = 7.2...
Tyrosine and lysine, shown in Fig. 9.1, are naturally occurring amino acids found in proteins. H₂N OH NH₂ HO tyrosine OH NH₂ lysine Fig. 9.1
Potassium chloride, KCl, and magnesium chloride, MgCl₂, are both ionic solids. Table 1.1 energy change va...
Explain what is meant by the following terms: homogeneous catalyst heterogeneous catalyst
Data should be selected from Table 3.1 in order to answer some parts of this question. Table 3.1 electrode reaction ...
A sample of butanoic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH, is shaken with a mixture of two immiscible solvents, ethoxyethane and water. The solvents form two layers...
An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate is a blue colour due to the presence of [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ complex ions.
The structure of compound P is shown in Fig. 7.1. P H2N / C-CH2- / C=O O-CH3 Benzene ring attached to -CH2- [Figure 7.1]
Benzene, C₆H₆, is an aromatic molecule.
Gas-liquid chromatography involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Name, or describe in detail, a suitable substance that could be used for ...
A student attempts to determine the percentage by mass of magnesium chloride in the solid mixture containing magnesium chloride, MgCl2, and anhydro...
Charles' law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, its volume is proportional to its absolute temperature. Most gases are non-i...
Potassium bromate(V) reacts with potassium bromide and sulfuric acid to form potassium sulfate, bromine and water according to the following equati...
Eggshells contain a high percentage by mass of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃. A student wants to find out what percentage of an eggshell is calcium carb...
It is possible to measure the rate at which potassium manganate(VII), KMnO₄(aq), Mᵣ = 158, diffuses through a permeable gel using the following met...
Which particle contains 8 protons, 9 neutrons and 10 electrons?
The second ionisation energy of oxygen is greater than the second ionisation energy of fluorine. Which factor explains this difference?
Zinc reacts with concentrated nitric acid giving three products only: zinc nitrate, an oxide of nitrogen and water. 3.0 moles of zinc react with 8....