Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions
Browse 35,704 questions from Cambridge O-Level & A-Level and Pearson Edexcel IGCSE & IAL exams. Click any question to practice.
Atoms with nuclei containing an odd number of protons tend to have fewer isotopes than those with an even number of protons.
Magnesium shows reactions typical of a Group 2 metal.
Some of the common chlorides of Period 3 elements are shown in the list. NaCl MgCl2 AlCl3 SiCl4 PCl5
Organic compounds can be distinguished using chemical tests. Table 4.1 shows four pairs of compounds. [Table 4.1 showing pairs A1/A2, B1/B2, C1/C2,...
Lactones are cyclic esters. Under suitable conditions, lactones form from molecules that have both an alcohol and a carboxylic acid functional grou...
Species such as NH4+, CO32- and PO43- are examples of molecular ions.
The chlorides of some of the Period 3 elements are shown in Table 2.1. [Table 2.1]
Organic compounds can be distinguished using chemical tests and analytical techniques. [Table 3.1]
Hydrated copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4•5H2O, can lose its water of crystallisation to form anhydrous copper(II) sulfate. The enthalpy change for the de...
2 In this experiment you will determine the percentage by mass of magnesium in a hydrated salt, MgX•7H2O, where X represents the anion. You will m...
Potassium chloride, KCl, and magnesium chloride, MgCl2, are both ionic solids. [Table 1.1] energy change value/kJ mol-1 standard enthalpy c...
Explain what is meant by the following terms: homogeneous catalyst heterogeneous catalyst [1]
Data should be selected from [Table 3.1] in order to answer some parts of this question. [Table 3.1] electrode reaction E° / V Cl2 + 2e- ⇌ ...
A sample of butanoic acid, CH3(CH2)2COOH, is shaken with a mixture of two immiscible solvents, ethoxyethane and water. The solvents form two layers...
A transition element is a d-block element which forms one or more stable ions with incomplete d-orbitals.
An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate is a blue colour due to the presence of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ complex ions.
The structure of compound P is shown in [Fig. 7.1]. [Figure 7.1 showing structure of compound P: H2N-CH(CH2C6H5)-C(=O)O-CH3] P is optically active....
Benzene, C6H6, is an aromatic molecule.
A mixture of three organic compounds is separated by gas-liquid chromatography. The chromatogram obtained is shown in [Fig. 9.1]. The amount of eac...
Calcium chloride, CaCl₂, is an ionic solid. The values of some energy changes are shown in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 energy change | value/kJ mol⁻¹ latt...
Nitrogen monoxide, NO, reacts with ozone, O₃. NO(g) + O₃(g) → NO₂(g) + O₂(g) This reaction is first order with respect to both NO and O₃. At 298 K,...
Data should be selected from Table 3.1 in order to answer some parts of this question. Table 3.1 electrode reaction | E°/V Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Mg | -2.38 ...
The value of the solubility product, Ksp, of iron(III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)₃, is given by the following expression. Ksp = [Fe³⁺][OH⁻]³ = 2.0 × 10⁻³⁹ m...
Copper is a transition element. It forms a wide variety of compounds.
An aqueous solution of cobalt(II) chloride is a pink colour due to the presence of [Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺ complex ions.
The structural and displayed formulae of three aromatic compounds, A, B and C, are shown in Fig. 7.1. [Figure 7.1] Compare the relative acidities o...
When answering this question it should be assumed that together all the hydrogen atoms in a benzene ring result in a single unsplit peak at δ = 7.2...
Tyrosine and lysine, shown in Fig. 9.1, are naturally occurring amino acids found in proteins. H₂N OH NH₂ HO tyrosine OH NH₂ lysine Fig. 9.1
Potassium chloride, KCl, and magnesium chloride, MgCl₂, are both ionic solids. Table 1.1 energy change va...
Explain what is meant by the following terms: homogeneous catalyst heterogeneous catalyst
Data should be selected from Table 3.1 in order to answer some parts of this question. Table 3.1 electrode reaction ...
A sample of butanoic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH, is shaken with a mixture of two immiscible solvents, ethoxyethane and water. The solvents form two layers...
An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate is a blue colour due to the presence of [Cu(H₂O)₆]²⁺ complex ions.
The structure of compound P is shown in Fig. 7.1. P H2N / C-CH2- / C=O O-CH3 Benzene ring attached to -CH2- [Figure 7.1]
Benzene, C₆H₆, is an aromatic molecule.
Gas-liquid chromatography involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Name, or describe in detail, a suitable substance that could be used for ...
A student attempts to determine the percentage by mass of magnesium chloride in the solid mixture containing magnesium chloride, MgCl2, and anhydro...
Charles' law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, its volume is proportional to its absolute temperature. Most gases are non-i...
Potassium bromate(V) reacts with potassium bromide and sulfuric acid to form potassium sulfate, bromine and water according to the following equati...
Eggshells contain a high percentage by mass of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃. A student wants to find out what percentage of an eggshell is calcium carb...
It is possible to measure the rate at which potassium manganate(VII), KMnO₄(aq), Mᵣ = 158, diffuses through a permeable gel using the following met...
Which particle contains 8 protons, 9 neutrons and 10 electrons?
The second ionisation energy of oxygen is greater than the second ionisation energy of fluorine. Which factor explains this difference?
Zinc reacts with concentrated nitric acid giving three products only: zinc nitrate, an oxide of nitrogen and water. 3.0 moles of zinc react with 8....
Ammonium ions, NH4⁺, are formed when ammonia gas reacts with hydrogen chloride gas. Which statement about the changes that occur in this reaction i...
Two compounds of boron are sodium borohydride, NaBH4, and boron trifluoride, BF3. What are the shapes of the borohydride ion and the boron trifluor...
In an experiment, 0.100 mol of propan-1-ol is burnt completely in 12.0 dm³ of oxygen, measured at room conditions. What is the final volume of gas,...
At a temperature of 2500 K and a pressure of 1.00 × 10⁻³ Pa, a sample of 0.321 g of sulfur vapour has a volume of 2.08 × 10³ m³. What is the molecu...
In the structure of solid SiO2 each silicon atom is bonded to x oxygen atoms each oxygen atom is bonded to y silicon atoms each bond is a z type bo...
Nitric acid is made industrially by the oxidation of ammonia. The overall equation for the process is shown. equation 1 NH3 + 2O2 → HNO3 + H2O The ...