Describe how Hassett et al. followed ethical guidelines in relation to animals in their study about monkey toy preferences.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] They followed the ethical guideline of housing (identification).
2. [1] The monkeys were socially housed in accordance with them being a social species (explanation/detail for housing).
3. [1] (There was no deprivation of) the monkeys as water was continuously available/fed regularly on appropriate diet/given access to food and water.
4. [1] The monkeys had a 25 m x 25 m outdoor enclosure (to roam around in).
5. [1] The indoor enclosure was temperature-controlled (for comfort).
6. [1] They followed the guideline stipulated by NIH with environmental enrichment so again no deprivation.
7. [1] There was minimum harm as the toys chosen were not dangerous.
8. [1] They followed the guideline for species, and the purpose of the study was to study organisms close to humans on the evolutionary scale (used rhesus monkeys).
9. [1] No direct observations/observed via cameras to reduce distress.
10. [1] The monkeys were kept/tested in an area they were familiar with (to reduce stress).