Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions

Explain why amides are much weaker bases than amines.

Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, and strontium nitrate, Sr(NO3)2, both decompose when heated to form the metal oxide and a mixture of gases.

Ethanal, CH3CHO, reacts with nitrogen dioxide, NO2. The products of the first step of this reaction are a CH3C=O radical and a molecule of nitrous ...

Define conjugate acid-base pair.

Define enthalpy change of atomisation, ∆Hat.

Cobalt is a transition element which forms compounds containing Co2+ and Co3+ ions. Cobalt(II) sulfate dissolves in water to form a solution contai...

Nickel forms complexes. Give the formula and charge of the tetrahedral complex formed by Ni atoms with carbon monoxide molecules. Carbon monoxide i...

P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V are the seven structural isomers with molecular formula C5H10O that have a carbonyl group. P CH3(CH2)3CHO S (CH3)3CCHO V (C...

Asparagine and aspartic acid are two naturally occurring amino acids. Their structures and isoelectric points are shown in Table 8.1. Table 8.1 ami...

Compound X is made from benzene by the route shown in Fig. 9.1. [Figure 9.1]

(a) Solutions of Group 2 hydrogencarbonates, M(HCO3)2, decompose on heating to give the corresponding metal carbonate, carbon dioxide and water. (i...

(a) Iron can form stable ions in the +2 and +3 oxidation states. Explain why transition elements have variable oxidation states. [1] (b) Aqueous s...

(a) Solid manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2, catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. 2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g) State the type of catalysis for ...

(a) Define standard cell potential, Ecell. Include a description of standard conditions. [2] (b) The Daniell cell is an electrochemical cell consi...

(a) Copper shows typical properties of transition elements, including its behaviour as a catalyst. Complete Table 5.1 to show the total number of u...

(a) Thin-layer and gas/liquid chromatography can be used to separate mixtures into their individual components. (i) Define the following terms used...

(a) State the relative acidities of bromoethanoic acid, BrCH2COOH, chloroethanoic acid, CICH2COOH, ethanoic acid, CH3COOH and ethanol, CH3CH2OH. Ex...

(a) In the electrophilic substitution of arenes, different substituents can direct to different ring positions. (i) Describe the directing effect o...

(a) Explain why amides are much weaker bases than amines. [2] (b) Fig. 9.1 shows the preparation of 2-phenylethylamine, C6H5CH2CH2NH2, by three di...

The concentration of aqueous chloride ions can be found by titration with aqueous silver nitrate, AgNO3(aq). Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s) The indica...

Effusion is the process in which a gas escapes through a small hole. A student investigates the relationship between rate of effusion and relative ...

Aqueous silver ions, Ag+(aq), react slowly with aqueous iron(II) ions, Fe2+(aq). An equilibrium is established. Ag+(aq) + Fe2+(aq) ⇋ Ag(s) + Fe3+(a...

A student carries out an experiment to determine the concentration of aqueous sulfate ions, SO42-(aq), in a sample of lake water.

Which of these processes is an example of a physical change?

The diagram in Figure 1 shows the apparatus used to separate a mixture of sand and salt solution.

Magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.

Which of these substances is an alkene?

The relative atomic masses of elements are given in the Periodic Table.

Molten lead(II) bromide can be electrolysed using inert electrodes, as shown in Figure 2.

Which statement about pure water is correct?

Which statement about the particles in a nitrogen atom is correct?

This question is about atoms and elements. (a) Explain why atoms are neutral.

This question is about elements and compounds. (a) Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.

This question is about separation techniques. (a) Describe how to obtain pure salt (sodium chloride) from a mixture of salt and sand.

This question is about acids, bases and salts. (a) A student adds dilute hydrochloric acid to copper(II) oxide. (i) State the colour change observe...

This question is about organic chemistry. (a) Ethanol can be produced by the fermentation of glucose. (i) Name the catalyst used in this reaction.

A student adds a sample of zinc metal to a solution of copper(II) sulfate. The student observes that the zinc turns black and the solution turns co...

This question is about ammonia. Ammonia can be manufactured by the Haber process. [Figure 3 shows a flow diagram of the Haber process.]

This question is about salts.

This question is about the determination of the formula of a metal oxide. A student heats a known mass of magnesium in a crucible. The student reco...

This question is about the properties of ethanol. Ethanol is a liquid at room temperature. [Figure 5 shows the apparatus used to determine the boil...

19. This question is about crude oil and fuels.