Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions
Browse 35,704 questions from Cambridge O-Level & A-Level and Pearson Edexcel IGCSE & IAL exams. Click any question to practice.
Fig. 4.1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of a tubular structure in the kidney made from epithelial cells. [Figure 4.1]
(a) Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of a prokaryotic cell. [Figure 5.1]
(a) Haemoglobin is a globular protein which is able to transport oxygen and is soluble in water.
Fig. 1.1A is a photomicrograph of healthy lung tissue. Fig. 1.1B is a photomicrograph of lung tissue from a person with emphysema, a chronic obstr...
Woolly foxglove, Digitalis lanata, shown in Fig. 2.1A, and common oleander, Nerium oleander, shown in Fig. 2.1B, are plants grown for the attractiv...
The response of the human body to tissue damage depends on the types of tissues involved. Epithelial tissue, liver tissue and cardiac muscle tissue...
Viruses share common structural features. Some viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), also have an outer envelope as part of their st...
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids.
As a red blood cell matures, cell organelles are lost from the cell. This provides more space for the haemoglobin molecules that have been synthesi...
Aphids are small insects which feed directly on phloem sap. The salivary glands of aphids have secretory cells that make and release a variety of p...
Proteins are macromolecules composed of many amino acids.
(a) Fig. 3.1 is a diagram of a monomer of the nucleic acid, messenger RNA. [Figure 3.1]
Describe the roles of the sinoatrial node (SAN) and the atrioventricular node (AVN) in the initiation and control of the cardiac cycle.
The bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB) can be found in many parts of the body including the lungs.
(a) As part of a study of the mitotic cell cycle, a student made stained sections of a root tip of onion, Allium cepa, and observed them with a lig...
Plant cells contain enzymes which catalyse some of their metabolic reactions. Some of these enzymes catalyse the release of oxygen from hydrogen pe...
K1 is a slide of a stained transverse section through a plant leaf. You are not expected to be familiar with this specimen. Use a sharp pencil for ...
The Bali starling, Leucopsar rothschildi, is found on the island of Bali, Indonesia. [Fig. 1.1] shows a Bali starling.
In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, two different genes control body colour and eye colour. • G/g are alleles of the body colour gene. • G r...
Meiosis is one process that contributes to genetic variation.
The Hawaiian archipelago is a group of volcanic islands in the Pacific ocean. [Fig. 4.1] shows the relative locations of five of these islands. [Fi...
Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) is an autosomal recessive eye disease. LCA results in eye disorders, including severe loss of vision, at birth. ...
[Fig. 6.1] outlines some of the steps of glycolysis. [Fig. 6.1: (diagram showing glucose -> glucose 6-phosphate -> fructose 6-phosphate -> fructose...
[Fig. 7.1] is a transmission electron micrograph of a chloroplast. [Fig. 7.1: diagram of chloroplast with A, B, C labelled.]
Outline the roles of sensory receptor cells in the mammalian nervous system.
Outline the characteristic features of organisms in the domain Bacteria.
Describe how the structure of the nephron and its associated blood vessels are adapted to the process of ultrafiltration.
The Visayan warty pig, Sus cebifrons, is found on two islands in the Philippines. [Figure 1.1] shows a female Visayan warty pig with her young.
Researchers have found evidence of natural selection in humans. • Originally, in human populations it was only babies and children that needed to d...
Mammals such as sheep, Ovis aries, and goats, Capra hircus, are important agricultural animals that are sometimes kept together in mixed flocks. Ve...
[Figure 4.1] shows a transmission electron micrograph of a section through striated muscle.
Traditional techniques for genetically modifying organisms use three enzymes: • restriction endonuclease • reverse transcriptase • DNA ligase. For ...
The lac operon is a section of DNA present in the genome of Escherichia coli. The structural genes of the lac operon are only fully expressed when ...
[Figure 7.1] is an outline diagram of the Calvin cycle.
Gibberellin is a plant growth hormone that has a role in germination and in stem elongation.
The Bali starling, Leucopsar rothschildi, is found on the island of Bali, Indonesia. [Figure 1.1] shows a Bali starling.
The Hawaiian archipelago is a group of volcanic islands in the Pacific ocean. [Figure 4.1] shows the relative locations of five of these islands. T...
[Figure 6.1] outlines some of the steps of glycolysis.
[Figure 7.1] is a transmission electron micrograph of a chloroplast. Many compounds and structures involved in photosynthesis are located in a chlo...
Transpiration in plants can be investigated using a potometer, which measures water uptake by plants. Fig. 1.1 shows a potometer that was used by a...
Resistance to antibiotics within a population of bacteria is due to selection pressure. This can be linked to the use of antibiotics by patients. A...
Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that can be used to measure the loss of water vapour from leaves. [Figure 1.1] The water vapour given out by the area of l...
Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a worldwide cause for concern. Investigations into the use of antibiotics and their effects use an ...
A student calibrated the scale on an eyepiece graticule in the eyepiece lens of a light microscope. The student was given a stage micrometer scale ...
The diameter of living cells varies considerably. The diameter of a typical eukaryotic cell is 1.5 × 10¹ μm. The diameter of a typical prokaryotic ...
Which structures are found in animal cells and in plant cells? 1 centriole 2 lysosome 3 nucleolus 4 vacuole
Which features shown in the diagram can be present in eukaryotes? [Figure 4.1]
Which types of RNA are present in prokaryotic cells and in eukaryotic cells?
A student carried out four tests for biological molecules on a solution. The results are shown in the table. test for biological molecules: iodine ...
A student was asked to estimate the concentration of reducing sugar in an unknown solution using the Benedict's test. Five reducing sugar solutions...