Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions

Separate samples of 25.0 cm³ of 0.1 mol dm⁻³ NaOH(aq) are added to each of three different acid solutions, as described. The temperature of each of...

NCl₃ reacts with H₂O. NCl₃ + 3H₂O → NH₃ + 3HClO The oxidation state of nitrogen does not change in this reaction. Which statement is correct?

In which row do the oxidation numbers of vanadium increase?

A synthesis for methanol is shown. CO₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ CH₃OH(g) + H₂O(g) ΔH = −49 kJ mol⁻¹ Which conditions would produce the greatest yield of metha...

Hydrogen and iodine can react reversibly to produce hydrogen iodide. The equation is shown. H₂(g) + I₂(g) ⇌ 2HI(g) 4.00 mol of hydrogen gas and X m...

A large amount of N₂O(g) decomposes into nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in the presence of a tiny amount of a gold foil catalyst. The gold foil provid...

The Haber process for the manufacture of ammonia is represented by the equation shown. N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g) ΔH = −92 kJ mol⁻¹ Which statement i...

NH₃(aq) is added to separate samples of NaCl(aq), MgCl₂(aq), BaCl₂(aq) and SiCl₄(l). Under the conditions of this experiment, only two samples will...

Why is the ionic radius of a sulfide ion larger than the ionic radius of a potassium ion?

The table gives information about calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide. Which row is correct?

Q is a Group 2 metal. An excess of QCO₃(s) is added to H₂SO₄(aq) followed by filtration. A sample of QSO₄ is then obtained by evaporation of the fi...

X, Y and Z are three elements in Group 17. X₂ has weaker covalent bonds than Y₂. X₂ has stronger instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between...

Chlorine reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide forming two chlorine-containing products. Which row shows the oxidation states of chlorine in the pro...

A catalytic converter reduces the amount of pollutants in the fumes from a car exhaust. Which row identifies a pollutant and shows how it is remove...

Solid R is added to a solution of ammonium nitrate and the mixture is heated. A gas is given off which turns red litmus to blue. What could be R?

A skeletal formula is shown. [Figure showing a skeletal formula of 3,7-dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene] What is the total number of stereoisomers includi...

The molecular formula CH₃ can represent an anion, a cation or a free radical. Species with the molecular formula CH₃ can act as an electrophile, a ...

Compound Z, C₇H₁₃Br, has two chiral centres. A sample of Z contains all four possible optical isomers. This sample of Z reacts with hot ethanolic N...

The free-radical substitution reaction between methane and chlorine involves initiation, propagation and termination stages. Which row is correct?

The alkene shown reacts with an excess of HBr via an electrophilic addition reaction. [Figure showing skeletal formula of 2,5-dimethylhex-2-ene] Wh...

The diagram shows the structures of two halogenoalkanes, P and Q. [Figure showing skeletal formulas of 2-bromo-2-ethylpentane (P) and 2-fluoro-2-et...

The structure of coniine is shown. [Figure showing the skeletal formula of coniine] Coniine can be synthesised by reacting ammonia with a dibromo c...

Primary alcohols can be oxidised to aldehydes using either acidified potassium dichromate(VI) or acidified potassium manganate(VII). The reaction m...

Which reaction has a product that gives a yellow precipitate when treated with alkaline I₂(aq)?

The skeletal formula of M is shown. [Figure showing skeletal formula of M, which is CH₃–CH(OH)–C(=O)–CH(OH)–CHO] M is reacted with an excess of LiA...

Which compound forms a precipitate when mixed with 2,4-DNPH reagent and also forms a precipitate when mixed with Fehling's reagent?

Which reaction is a redox reaction?

Ethyl butanoate is a flavouring, with a fruity flavour. Which row is correct?

Cyclohexene, as shown in the diagram, can form an addition polymer. [Figure showing cyclohexene] Which structure represents a section of the polymer?

Three organic compounds are listed. 1 ethanal 2 propan-1-ol 3 propan-2-ol Which compounds will have a mass spectrum that contains a fragment peak a...

Calcium, magnesium and radium are Group 2 elements. Radium follows the same trends as the other members of Group 2.

Nitrogen molecules, N₂(g), contain two atoms attracted to each other by a triple covalent bond.

Liquids that contain molecules of T smell like lemons. [Figure 3.1]

Compound V is a liquid. V contains 77.2% carbon, 11.4% hydrogen and 11.4% oxygen by mass. V has a relative molecular mass of 280.

Magnesium has a melting point of 650°C and high electrical conductivity. Explain these properties of magnesium by referring to its structure and bo...

Radium, Ra, is an element found in Group 2 of the Periodic Table. It is a crystalline solid at room temperature and conducts electricity. Radium ch...

0.025 mol of HI(g) is added to a closed vessel and left to reach dynamic equilibrium. The total pressure of the vessel is 100 kPa. equation 1 2HI(g...

Bromine reacts with butane in the presence of ultraviolet light to form bromobutane. Two structural isomers with the molecular formula C₄H₉Br are p...

Fig. 5.1 shows three reactions of 2-bromopropane, CH3CH(Br)CH3. CH3CH(Br)CH3 reaction 1 / \ reaction 2 CH3CH(OH)CH3 CH3CH(NH2)...

Z is a molecule which contains the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. Z contains only alkene and carboxyl functional groups.

1 (a) Define first ionisation energy. (b) Successive ionisation energies for element A are shown in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 jonisation | 1st | 2...

2 (a) Period 3 elements and their compounds show trends in their physical properties. (i) On Fig. 2.1 sketch a graph to show the melting points of ...

3 G belongs to a group of compounds called ethers. [Figure 3.1] (a) When G, C4H10O, is heated, thermal decomposition occurs. C4H10O(g) → C₂H₄(g) + ...

4 (a) 2-methylpropene reacts with HCl(g) at room temperature. The major organic product is 2-chloro-2-methylpropane. (i) Complete Fig. 4.1 to show ...

5 (a) But-2-ene reacts with KMnO₄ to form organic product, Y. Y does not react with Na2CO3. A gas is produced when an excess of Na is added to Y. (...

In this experiment you will identify a magnesium compound by thermal decomposition. When heated this compound decomposes to give magnesium oxide. F...

A bottle containing the acid salt sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHSO4, has been contaminated. You will determine the percentage purity by mass of the s...

In Question 1 you carried out a neutralisation reaction involving sodium hydroxide. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) → H₂O(I) In Question 2 you are to determine th...

FB 6 is the solid impurity found in the bottle of solid used to prepare FB 2. It is a compound of a Group 1 metal and does not contain sulfur. The ...

2 In this experiment you will identify the metal, M, in a metal carbonate, MCO3, by thermal decomposition. MCO3(s) → MO(s) + CO2(g) FA 4 is the met...