Bromine reacts with butane in the presence of ultraviolet light to form bromobutane. Two structural isomers with the molecular formula C₄H₉Br are produced during this reaction.

1. (a)(i)Draw the two structural isomers and state the systematic name of each isomer. structural isomer 1 name structural isomer 2 name[2]
2. (a)(ii)Identify the type of structural isomerism shown in (a)(i).[1]
3. (b)(i)Halothane is an anaesthetic. halothane F Cl F-C-C-H F Br Fig. 4.1 Identify the chiral centre in halothane and mark it with an asterisk (*).[1]
4. (b)(ii)When halothane reacts in ultraviolet light, homolytic fission occurs and the C–Br bond is broken. Construct an equation to show the homolytic fission of halothane, CF3CHBrCl.[1]
5. (b)(iii)Complete Fig. 4.2 to show the arrangement of electrons in a bromine atom using the electrons in boxes notation. [Ar] 3d 4s 4p Fig. 4.2[1]
6. (c)(i)X is an addition polymer. X Cl /\ -C-CH₂- / n Fig. 4.3 Draw the monomer of X.[1]
7. (c)(ii)Suggest one reason why the disposal of items made from X is difficult.[1]

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