Cambridge Past Paper Questions
Browse 23,045questions from 25 years of O-Level & A-Level exams. Click any question to practice.
A student carries out an experiment to determine the concentration of aqueous sulfate ions, SO42-(aq), in a sample of lake water.
K1 is a slide of a stained transverse section through a plant leaf. You are not expected to be familiar with this specimen. Use a sharp pencil for ...
The Bali starling, Leucopsar rothschildi, is found on the island of Bali, Indonesia. [Fig. 1.1] shows a Bali starling.
In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, two different genes control body colour and eye colour. • G/g are alleles of the body colour gene. • G r...
Meiosis is one process that contributes to genetic variation.
The Hawaiian archipelago is a group of volcanic islands in the Pacific ocean. [Fig. 4.1] shows the relative locations of five of these islands. [Fi...
Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) is an autosomal recessive eye disease. LCA results in eye disorders, including severe loss of vision, at birth. ...
[Fig. 6.1] outlines some of the steps of glycolysis. [Fig. 6.1: (diagram showing glucose -> glucose 6-phosphate -> fructose 6-phosphate -> fructose...
[Fig. 7.1] is a transmission electron micrograph of a chloroplast. [Fig. 7.1: diagram of chloroplast with A, B, C labelled.]
The Visayan warty pig, Sus cebifrons, is found on two islands in the Philippines. [Figure 1.1] shows a female Visayan warty pig with her young.
Researchers have found evidence of natural selection in humans. • Originally, in human populations it was only babies and children that needed to d...
Mammals such as sheep, Ovis aries, and goats, Capra hircus, are important agricultural animals that are sometimes kept together in mixed flocks. Ve...
[Figure 4.1] shows a transmission electron micrograph of a section through striated muscle.
Traditional techniques for genetically modifying organisms use three enzymes: • restriction endonuclease • reverse transcriptase • DNA ligase. For ...
The lac operon is a section of DNA present in the genome of Escherichia coli. The structural genes of the lac operon are only fully expressed when ...
[Figure 7.1] is an outline diagram of the Calvin cycle.
Gibberellin is a plant growth hormone that has a role in germination and in stem elongation.
The Bali starling, Leucopsar rothschildi, is found on the island of Bali, Indonesia. [Figure 1.1] shows a Bali starling.
The Hawaiian archipelago is a group of volcanic islands in the Pacific ocean. [Figure 4.1] shows the relative locations of five of these islands. T...
[Figure 6.1] outlines some of the steps of glycolysis.
[Figure 7.1] is a transmission electron micrograph of a chloroplast. Many compounds and structures involved in photosynthesis are located in a chlo...
Transpiration in plants can be investigated using a potometer, which measures water uptake by plants. Fig. 1.1 shows a potometer that was used by a...
Resistance to antibiotics within a population of bacteria is due to selection pressure. This can be linked to the use of antibiotics by patients. A...
Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that can be used to measure the loss of water vapour from leaves. [Figure 1.1] The water vapour given out by the area of l...
Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a worldwide cause for concern. Investigations into the use of antibiotics and their effects use an ...
A student calibrated the scale on an eyepiece graticule in the eyepiece lens of a light microscope. The student was given a stage micrometer scale ...
The diameter of living cells varies considerably. The diameter of a typical eukaryotic cell is 1.5 × 10¹ μm. The diameter of a typical prokaryotic ...
Which structures are found in animal cells and in plant cells? 1 centriole 2 lysosome 3 nucleolus 4 vacuole
Which features shown in the diagram can be present in eukaryotes? [Figure 4.1]
Which types of RNA are present in prokaryotic cells and in eukaryotic cells?
A student carried out four tests for biological molecules on a solution. The results are shown in the table. test for biological molecules: iodine ...
A student was asked to estimate the concentration of reducing sugar in an unknown solution using the Benedict's test. Five reducing sugar solutions...
Which rows show the chemical groups present in the biological molecules listed?
The diagram shows the formation of a biological macromolecule. [Figure 10.1]
Fibrous proteins are composed of chains of amino acids held together by bonds. An example of part of a fibrous protein is shown. [Figure 11.1]
Which row about the structure of proteins is correct?
A student wrote four statements about water. 1 Water has a high specific heat capacity which maintains the temperature of water within cells. 2 Mam...
Which statement about the active site of an enzyme is correct?
An experiment was carried out to compare the effect of pH on the activity of an enzyme that was in solution and the same enzyme that had been immob...
High concentrations of ethanol can disrupt cell membrane structure and make the cell surface membrane leaky. Yeast cells release ethanol as a waste...
The photomicrograph shows the appearance of onion epidermal cells after they have been soaked in solution X for one hour. [Figure 18.1]
Equal sized potato pieces were placed into a test-tube and covered with a sucrose solution. The test tube was left for 30 minutes. All other variab...
Which row shows the correct number of each component of a single chromosome during prophase of mitosis?
The RNA triplet UAG acts as a stop codon terminating the synthesis of a polypeptide. The diagram shows a strand of DNA which codes for four amino a...
What is correct for uracil?
The photomicrograph shows a vascular bundle. [Figure 24.1]
Which features have a role in the transport of water in xylem vessel elements? 1 capillary action 2 cohesion 3 hydrogen bonding