Outline one biochemical treatment for impulse control disorders and non-substance addictive disorder.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] One treatment is opioid antagonists, e.g. naltrexone
2. [1] which block receptors meaning that the brain can't receive any opioids.
3. [1] Miller's feeling-state theory is based around state-dependent memories.
4. [1] Impulse control disorders form when positive feelings that are linked to an activity or object form state-dependent memories.
5. [1] This feeling-state is all the sensations, emotions, thoughts, and memories experienced in relation to the object or activity. This can include arousal (release of adrenaline).
6. [1] The result is that when a triggering event, activity or object is experienced, the individual will associate with the feeling state and this creates a compulsion.
7. [varies] Both form through experience. Feeling-state does not occur without stimulus and this is true for behaviourism.
8. [varies] Both involve the sensation of reward, which is pleasurable and increased mood or euphoria.
9. [varies] Both allow psychologists to gain insight that can lead to successful treatment.
10. [varies] Feeling-state theory takes into account the existence of negative as well as positive beliefs whereas behaviourism ignores beliefs.
11. [varies] Feeling-state theory explains more disorders compared to behaviourism as behaviourism is limited in its explanation for disorders that appear not to be rewarding to the individual.