Describe the sample used in the study by Andrade (doodling).

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Feb/Mar 2024). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] It was an opportunity sample.
2. [1] They had just finished a different study (before being asked to participate in this one).
3. [1] n=40.
4. [1] Members of a university participant panel.
5. [1] General population.
6. [1] Aged 18-55 years.
7. [1] Paid for participation.
8. [1] Majority female/35 female 5 male/doodle: 18F 2M/control: 17F 3M.
9. [4] (Similarity - Experimental Design) Both Andrade and Pozzulo studies were experimental in nature. For example, both studies had manipulated IVs. In the Andrade study there were two conditions of doodling and non-doodling. In Pozzulo study there was also two conditions of age/type of face/degree of familiarity. Therefore, both were trying to establish cause and effect (explanation).
10. [4] (Difference - Experimental Design) Andrade used an independent measures design, with participants either in a doodling or a non-doodling condition. In contrast, Pozzulo et al. used a mixed design, where age was an independent groups variable, but face type (human or cartoon) and degree of familiarity were repeated measures.