Describe two assumptions of the learning approach, using a different example for each assumption.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [4] (a) 1 mark per assumption, 1 mark per example (x2)
2. (a) e.g. Social Learning helps to explain changes in behaviour (1 mark). A child may watch an adult being aggressive and then copy that behaviour (1 mark).
3. (a) Stimulus-Response can explain behaviour (1 mark). In Classical Conditioning a dog may salivate after a bell has been rung (1 mark).
4. (a) We learn through operant conditioning/by consequence (1 mark). If a dog is given a treat to learn how to sit it is likely to repeat the behaviour (1 mark).
5. [2] (b) 1 mark - partial answer, 1 mark – full answer
6. (b) e.g. Boys were more likely to imitate physical aggression from a male model (1 mark). This supports the idea of SLT as the boys paid attention to the role model/imitated them/the behaviour (1 mark).
7. (b) The girls reproduced verbal aggression after observing a female model being verbally aggressive (1 mark).