Dr Bell is interested in how aware people are of the two factors involved in emotion according to the two-factor theory. He wants to know if people are aware of the influence of both physiological changes and cognitive changes on their emotions. He intends to use a structured interview to investigate this, based on people's recall of emotional events.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. Three major omissions for a structured interview study are: What: – content of questions asked (i.e. topics, examples) How: – the interview is structured (e.g. question order/ timing/ location/ interviewer’s dress, tone) style of questions asked (e.g. open / closed / Likert / rating)
2. The minor omissions are: where – location of participants when being interviewed who – participants
3. Indicative content for an interview study: What: content of questions asked (i.e. topics, examples) How: open/closed questions about emotions
4. lie questions
5. filler questions
6. description of how closed questions will be scored
7. description of how quantitative data from closed questions will analysed
8. description of how open questions will be interpreted
9. sampling technique
10. sample size
11. ethical issues
12. Other appropriate responses should also be credited.
13. Mark according to the levels of response criteria below:
14. Level 3 (8–10 marks) Response is described in sufficient detail to be replicable. Response may have a minor omission. Use of psychological terminology is accurate and comprehensive.
15. Level 2 (5–7 marks) Response is in some detail. Response has minor omission(s). Use of psychological terminology is accurate.
16. Level 1 (1–4 marks) Response is basic in detail. Response has major omission(s). If response is impossible to conduct max. 2. Use of psychological terminology is mainly accurate.
17. Level 0 (0 marks) No response worthy of credit.
18. Answer will depend on problem identified. If the problem was an obvious omission in (a), fewer marks will have been awarded in (a), so they can be awarded here.
19. Problems may, for example, be matters of: Validity ∞ operationalisation ∞ participants have poor insight into reasons for emotions ∞ difficulty with poor recall/ lying to avoid emotional memories (also ethical problem)
20. Reliability ∞ standardisation – may not identify all aspects to standardise in interview ∞ subjectivity of Dr Bell’s interpretation (as there may be open questions) – may also be validity
21. This list is not exhaustive and other appropriate responses should also be credited.
22. Level 3 (3-4 marks) Appropriate problem identified. Appropriate solution is clearly described.
23. Level 2 (2 marks) Appropriate problem identified. plus EITHER Explanation of why it is a problem OR Ineffectual but possible solution described.
24. Level 1 (1 mark) Appropriate problem identified. Little or no justification.
25. Level 0 (0 marks) No response worthy of credit