This question is about Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2024). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] 'because of his vast knowledge of world history'
2. [1] Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's 'awareness of the different problems of many countries'
3. [1] it 'enabled him to develop strategies'
4. [1] which 'brought enormous benefits for Pakistan'
5. [1] he was 'capable of making strong relationships with any country'
6. [1] 'that able to help Pakistan'
7. [1] Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is speaking into radio/television microphones (surface feature)
8. [1] He is wearing a suit jacket, shirt and tie (surface feature)
9. [1] There is a picture behind Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (surface feature)
10. [1] He wants to communicate with the people of Pakistan (inference)
11. [1] He wants his communications with the people of Pakistan to be open and transparent (inference)
12. [1] He wants to be seen as a 'friend' of modern, democratic, western governments (inference)
13. [1] He wants to be seen to be continuing Muhammad Ali Jinnah's proud tradition of nationalism, independence and democracy (inference)
14. [1] Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was responsible for foreign affairs as Foreign Minister at the time of the broadcast (contextual knowledge)
15. [1] A photograph of Muhammad Ali Jinnah can be seen on the wall of the meeting room (contextual knowledge)
16. [1] Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's proposed policy of 'food, clothes and shelter' was popular with the Pakistan people
17. [1] His party, the PPP, won a majority in West Pakistan in the 1970 elections
18. [1] Yahya Khan could not resolve the constitutional differences with the Awami League leading to his resignation
19. [1] Zulfikar Ali Bhutto worked to improve infant mortality and life expectancy rates (health reforms)
20. [1] Profits from nationalised companies were used to improve public services (health reforms)
21. [1] Rural Health Centres were introduced (health reforms)
22. [1] Training colleges for doctors and nurses were introduced (health reforms)
23. [1] Doctors had to work their first year wherever they were placed (health reforms)
24. [1] Sale of medicines under brand names was banned (health reforms)
25. [1] A new Islamic constitution was drawn up in 1973 (constitutional reforms)
26. [1] The new constitution safeguarded the interests of minorities (constitutional reforms)
27. [1] The country was made an Islamic Republic (constitutional reforms)
28. [1] The new constitution placed all political power with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (constitutional reforms)