This question is about Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the future of the subcontinent. Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] 'you are free to go to your temples'
2. [1] 'you are... free to go to your mosques'
3. [1] 'you are... free to go to any place of worship in this state of Pakistan'
4. [1] 'you may belong to any caste'
5. [1] 'there is no discrimination between communities'
6. [4] Level 3 (4-5 marks) Supported valid inference(s): one valid inference supported by a surface feature from source B
7. [5] Level 3 (4-5 marks) Supported valid inference(s): additional valid inference(s) supported by surface feature(s) from source B or one valid inference supported by a surface feature from source B and contextual knowledge
8. [2] Level 2 (2-3 marks) Unsupported valid inference(s): one unsupported valid inference
9. [3] Level 2 (2-3 marks) Unsupported valid inference(s): additional unsupported valid inference(s)
10. [1] Level 1 (1 mark) Identifies a surface feature: Any correct surface feature taken from source B
11. [0] Level 0 (0 marks) No creditable response
12. [5-7] Level 3: Explanation, two explanations or one developed explanation, additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s), Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
13. [2-4] Level 2: Identification/description, Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)
14. [1] Level 1: General answer, Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge
15. [0] Level 0: No creditable response
16. [10] Level 5: Explanation with evaluation/judgement, explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
17. [7-9] Level 4: Explanation of both sides of the issue, one explanation of each side of the issue [7]; two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [8]; additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [9]; Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
18. [4-6] Level 3: Explanation of one-side of the issue, one explanation [4]; two explanations or one developed explanation [5]; additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [6]; Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
19. [2-3] Level 2: Identification/description of the issue, Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)
20. [1] Level 1: General answer, Valid general comment lacking specific subject knowledge
21. [0] Level 0: No creditable response