The benefits of the 1920s' boom were not evenly distributed.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2020). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1-4] Level 1 One mark for each relevant point; additional mark for supporting detail
2. The demand from Europe fell.
3. Canada was more efficient at producing wheat.
4. Over-production was a problem.
5. US tariffs were responsible.
6. The US population fell in number so demand fell.
7. There were falling prices.
8. Farmers were evicted from the land.
9. [6] Level 4 Explains TWO reasons
10. [4-5] Level 3 Explains ONE reason
11. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes reasons
12. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
13. e.g. 'The Republicans believed in import tariffs, such as the Fordney-McCumber tariff, which made it expensive to import foreign goods. This meant that American businesses were protected against foreign competition and could keep their prices down. This encouraged people to buy products made in the US and allowed American companies to grow rapidly.'
14. e.g. 'They had a policy of 'laissez-faire.'
15. 'The Republicans believed in import tariffs.'
16. 'The Republicans kept taxes low.'
17. 'The Republicans allowed the development of trusts.'
18. 'Profits from the First World War were invested in industry.'
19. [10] Level 5 Explains with evaluation of 'how far'
20. [7-9] Level 4 Explanation of both sides
21. [4-6] Level 3 One-sided explanation OR one explanation of both sides 5-6 marks
22. [2-3] Level 2 Identifies AND/OR describes
23. [1] Level 1 General answer lacking specific contextual knowledge
24. e.g. 'Manufacturing industries, such as the car industry, grew very quickly in the 1920s. There was high demand for consumer products and new mass production methods meant large numbers of products could be produced quickly. Because of the increase in demand for cars, other industries such as steel, glass and rubber also boomed.'
25. OR e.g. 'Some manufacturing industries did not prosper during the 1920s. For instance, cotton textiles did not increase their sales despite the increased demand for clothing. New synthetic fabrics such as rayon were more desirable and new clothing styles meant less material was needed.'
26. e.g. 'Industries such as making cars boomed.'
27. 'There was a vast increase in the number of domestic appliances which were produced.'
28. 'Mass production techniques were responsible for this.'
29. 'There was a growth in new products such as rayon.'
30. 'Cotton textiles did not prosper.'
31. 'Some traditional manufacturing went into decline.'
32. 'There was considerable use of advertising.'