Answer one question from this section. (a) Study Fig. 5.1, a map showing part of Türkiye and Greece where the tourist industry is important.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] 50–58 (km)
2. [1] North of Kos;
3. [1] East/South-east of Kalymnos;
4. [1] 5 kms from Kos;
5. [1] 5 kms from Kalymnos;
6. [1] West/South-west of (coast of) Turkiye;
7. [1] 8–10 kms from Turkish coast;
8. [1] South-west/WSW of Bodrum;
9. [1] 24–30 km from Bodrum; Etc.
10. Note: Credit accurate direction/distance from any named island. Direction can be phrased in any way i.e. North of Kos/Kos is south of it, etc.
11. [1] Beaches;
12. [1] Clean/unpolluted seas;
13. [1] Unpolluted atmosphere;
14. [1] Visually attractive/ beautiful scenery/landscape;
15. [1] Peaceful/quiet/relaxing/serene;
16. [1] Wildlife/natural habitats or example of;
17. [1] Natural vegetation/palm trees;
18. [1] Few/no buildings/traffic; Etc.
19. [1] People may trample vegetation/footpath erosion/soil erosion;
20. [1] Construction of buildings/hotels/shops/entertainments/roads;
21. [1] Clearance of vegetation/deforestation;
22. [1] Litter/rubbish/trash/waste/land pollution;
23. [1] Flowers picked;
24. [1] Water pollution/oil spills;
25. [1] Noise pollution;
26. [1] Air pollution/emissions;
27. [1] Fish/marine life scared;
28. [1] Kill/injure/disturb wildlife/loss of biodiversity;
29. [1] Loss of habitat;
30. [1] Coral reefs destroyed/damaged;
31. [1] Damage food chains;
32. [1] Overfishing; Etc.
33. [1] Noise/disturbing peace;
34. [1] Lack of privacy;
35. [1] Specific example of crime (e.g. anti-social behaviour);
36. [1] Culture clashes/westernisation of culture/dilution of culture/cultural barrier;
37. [1] Some tourists wear inappropriate/offensive clothing or example of;
38. [1] Racism/discrimination;
39. [1] Litter/rubbish/trash/waste/land pollution;
40. [1] Visual pollution;
41. [1] Traffic congestion;
42. [1] Congested paths/shops/streets/restaurants/public transport, etc.;
43. [1] Some beaches become private/inaccessible/crowded;
44. [1] Seasonal employment;
45. [1] Low pay/long hours/exploitation of workers;
46. [1] Foreign owned businesses/larger chains may force local business to close;
47. [1] Loss of farmland;
48. [1] Less housing available for locals/accommodation used for tourists not locals/ less land to build houses;
49. [1] Air pollution causes asthma/breathing difficulties;
50. [1] Bright lights prevent people sleeping;
51. [1] Water pollution reduces fish stocks/drinking water;
52. [1] Overuse of/pressure on/tourists given priority for water supplies/electricity;
53. [1] Increase in prices of houses/cost of living/inflation; Etc.
54. [1] Creation of protected zones/nature reserve/National Parks;
55. [1] Limit numbers of tourists/only allow small groups;
56. [1] Charge entrance fees;
57. [1] Charge tourist taxes;
58. [1] Encourage off-season visits;
59. [1] Fence sensitive areas/restrict tourists to certain areas;
60. [1] Ban hunting;
61. [1] Limit/ban fishing;
62. [1] Do not allow (single use) plastic (cups/straws) on beach;
63. [1] Only allow people access to an area with a guide;
64. [1] Educate/warn people about caring for the environment;
65. [1] Signs to keep quiet/not drop litter/etc.;
66. [1] Develop ecotourism/ecofriendly hotels;
67. [1] Use renewable/solar energy in hotels/tourists facilities;
68. [1] Litter/bins/fines for littering/regular clearing of litter/recycle waste;
69. [1] Use rowing boats/restrict motor boats/control number of boats;
70. [1] Invest in public transport/cycle hire/prohibit vehicles from some areas;
71. [1] Planning permission for developments/buildings must fit into surroundings;
72. [1] Develop other areas for tourism to reduce numbers visiting site;
73. [1] Employ rangers/guards; Etc.
74. Levels marking
75. Level 1 (1–3 marks): Statements including limited detail which describe the benefits of the tourist industry to people and/or the economy.
76. Level 2 (4–6 marks): Uses named example. More developed statements describe the benefits of the tourist industry to people and/or the economy. (Note: Max 5 if no named or inappropriate example)
77. Level 3 (7 marks): Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements which describe the benefits of the tourist industry to people and/or the economy, including some place specific reference.
78. Content Guide: Ideas such as: Workers are needed in hotels/to provide accommodation/in restaurants/bars/to provide food/drink/entertainment/to provide transport/drive bus/taxis/work at the airport/to work in construction of tourist facilities
79. Better communications/roads/railways are constructed
80. Development of airports
81. Tourists spend money locally/shops make more money
82. Bigger market for farmers/fishermen
83. Economic development
84. Multiplier effect
85. Taxes are raised from tourists
86. Can allow investment in better schools/hospitals/etc.
87. Water supply network is improved
88. Electricity supply network is improved
89. Cultural exchange. Etc.
90. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details/names of places within chosen area
91. Specific details/statistics