Fig. 5.1 shows information about the total number of global deaths from natural hazards between 1900 and 2019. [Figure 5.1]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [4] • Vary / fluctuates / increase and decrease / uneven / not consistent / no relationship between years and number of deaths; • 2 or 7 peaks; • Most/largest peaks / deaths 1920's to 1960's / highest between 1920 and 1965; • Most/largest peak in 1931; (allow 1930 or 1931) • Declining over time / less deaths in 2019 than 1900; • No major peaks / small peaks / stayed low / fewer deaths / declined / slowed down since 1966/1970's; • Most years had few deaths; • Lowest 2011/12-2019.
2. [4] • Uneven distribution; • High/highest / higher / more number of deaths in the Northern hemisphere / low / lowest / lower / fewer in Southern Hemisphere; • High(est) number / concentration / 500 to 10 000 in Asia / Asia is the only continent with 1000-10000 deaths; • Highest in S / SW Asia / 1000–10000 deaths in S / SW Asia; • High rate / second highest concentration in N. America/ 100–1000 in North America; • Most countries have a low number of deaths / higher deaths in a small number of countries / large areas with 0-50 / below 50; • Low(est) / lower / less / least / few deaths / 0–50 / below 50 in Europe / Africa / South America / Australasia; • High rates / 500–1000 in Central Africa / along the Equator in Africa.