O-LevelGeographyEconomic development2217/12 · Oct/Nov 2022 · Q525 Marks

(a) Study Fig. 5.1, which shows information about the number of people using tourist accommodation in France (an MEDC in Europe) between August 2015 and June 2017. [Figure 5.1] (b) Study Figs. 5.2 and 5.3 (Insert), which are photographs taken in Kotor, a tourist destination in Montenegro, Europe.

(a)(i)How many people used tourist accommodation in France in September 2015?[1]
(a)(ii)Using Fig. 5.1 only, describe the seasonal variation in the tourist industry in France.[2]
(a)(iii)Suggest reasons why the number of people visiting tourist destinations in France varied during the period shown in Fig. 5.1.[3]
(a)(iv)Explain two likely benefits for people living in an area where there are many tourists. 1 2[4]
(b)(i)Describe three different attractions for tourists in the area shown in Figs. 5.2 and 5.3. 1 2 3[3]
(b)(ii)Suggest how the tourist industry may cause problems for people living in or around Kotor.[5]
(c)For a named example of an area where tourism is important, explain why there are concerns about its impact on the natural environment. Name of area ...........................................................[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] 15 (million)
[1] Large seasonal variation;
[1] More arrivals/tourists/tourism is more important in summer/July + August/between June and September/middle of year than Winter/November to February/beginning/end of year;
[1] Numbers rise during Spring/beginning of year/Jan to July;
[1] Numbers fall during Autumn/Aug to Nov etc.
[1] More tourists will visit when temperatures are high;
[1] In periods when there is a lot of rain there will be less tourists;
[1] There will be large amounts of tourists during school holidays;
[1] There will be more tourists when there are festivals etc.;
[1] Attractions/facilities close in winter/are only open in summer etc.
[1] Employment/earn money;
[1] Development of road/rail network;
[1] Building of airports;
[1] Cultural exchange;
[1] Building of electricity grid/water pipes;
[1] More business/earnings for local traders etc. (One mark for the identification of each benefit and the second mark for an explanation.)
[1] Mountains/hills;
[1] Lake/river/sea;
[1] Marina/docks/harbour/boats;
[1] Museums/church/cathedral/historic buildings/sites/monument;
[1] Restaurants/pizzeria etc.
[1] Noise;
[1] Less privacy;
[1] Drunken/anti-social behaviour;
[1] Some tourists wear inappropriate clothing or e.g.;
[1] Racism/discrimination;
[1] Litter/rubbish/trash;
[1] Traffic congestion;
[1] Some beaches become private/inaccessible;
[1] Seasonal employment;
[1] Low pay/long hours/exploitation of workers;
[1] Loss of farmland;
[1] Loss of local housing areas/accommodation used for tourists not locals/less land to build houses;
[1] Air pollution causes asthma/breathing difficulties;
[1] Water pollution reduces fish stocks;
[1] Pressure on/tourists given priority for water supplies/electricity;
[1] Increase in prices/cost of living/inflation;
[1] Culture clashes/westernisation of culture/dilution of culture etc.
Level 1 (1-3 marks): Statements including limited detail which describe concerns about its impact on the natural environment.
Level 2 (4-6 marks): Uses named example. More developed statements which explain why there are concerns about its impact on the natural environment.
Level 3 (7 marks): Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements, including some place specific reference.
Content Guide (for 5c): Answers are likely to refer to issues such as: People may trample vegetation/footpath erosion/soil erosion; Clearance of vegetation/deforestation; Litter; Noise; Water pollution; Fish/marine life scared; Atmospheric pollution/carbon dioxide emission; Animals killed/scared away etc. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details/named areas, Specific details of issues etc.