Fig. 6.1 (Insert) shows the north and south of Italy. Figs. 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 give information about wealth, industry and life expectancy in Italy. The north of Italy is more developed than the south.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [6] 6(a) Fig. 6.2 north high/rich(er,est)/south low/poor(er,est), south: allow any figure 25 000 or below, north: allow any figure above 25 000, (20 000 doesn't spoil) Fig. 6.3 more/many in north/fewer in south, few in south, 7 in south/17 in north, south all coastal, Fig. 6.4 no clear correlation with north-south, high(er,est)/low(er,est) areas in both north and south, differences between north and south are small/all/both 75 – 77, Reserve one mark for each feature.
2. [2] 6(b) relief, animal disease, pests, natural disasters/floods/earthquakes/tsunami, natural resources/minerals/water resources, climatic factors, soil quality/agricultural productivity, remoteness/accessibility/transport/landlocked, food supply, medical facilities, disease in humans, wealth/investment, level of education/skills, degree of industrialisation, stability of government/war/conflict, government focus/corruption, regional multiplier effect, migration, tourism,