O-LevelGeographyEconomic development2217/12 · Oct/Nov 2019 · Q225 Marks

Section A Answer one question from this section. (a) Study Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 (Insert), which are photographs of three different services. (i) Which of the photographs shows a low-order service? Circle one of the answers below. Fig. 2.1 Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.3 [Figure 2.1] [Figure 2.2] [Figure 2.3]

(a)(i)Which of the photographs shows a low-order service? Circle one of the answers below. Fig. 2.1 Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.3[1]
(a)(ii)Put the three services shown in Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 in rank order according to the size of their spheres of influence. 1st largest 2nd smallest 3rd[2]
(a)(iii)State the smallest type of settlement where the services shown in each of Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 would be located. Fig. 2.1 Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.3[3]
(a)(iv)Explain why people will only travel a short distance for some services.[4]
(b)Study Fig. 2.4, which shows information about the relationship between settlement size and the number of services in them. large towns number of services provided small towns villages hamlets capital city cities population size of settlements [Figure 2.4]
(b)(i)Describe the relationship shown by Fig. 2.4. Refer to different types of settlement in your answer.[3]
(b)(ii)Explain why there is a relationship between settlement size and the number of services provided.[5]
(c)For a named urban area, describe the causes of a problem faced by the residents and explain how the authorities in that urban area are attempting to solve it. Name of urban area[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] Fig. 2.2
[2] Fig. 2.1/New York/Stock Exchange Fig. 2.3/Punjab Textiles/Chatsworth Street Fig. 2.2/Pharmacy/Gun Hill
[3] Fig. 2.1 = City/conurbation/capital Fig. 2.2 = Village Fig. 2.3 = (Small) Town
[4] Ideas such as: There are similar services closer to home/there are many of these services/found in a lot of places; Items are low cost/low order; Services are used frequently/daily; They sell convenience goods/necessity; It is not worth the expense of travelling to them, etc.
[3] Ideas such as: Positive relationship/the greater the population size the more services; e.g. Hamlets have fewer services than towns or cities which have larger populations or other relevant examples; Some anomalies/relationship is not perfect.
[5] Ideas such as: Larger settlements are able to support/have a demand for/need more services; Services will not be viable/make a loss/less economic/profitable if there are few people; Larger settlements have a larger sphere of influence; People will travel from elsewhere to use services in larger settlements; Many people will travel to work in larger settlements and use their services; Larger settlement is better served by transport network so people will be able to travel there to use services, etc.
[7] Comprehensive and accurate statements which describe the causes of an urban problem and explain how authorities are attempting to solve it, with some place specific reference. Content will depend on the problem selected and these are likely to relate to urban problems such as: Traffic issues, Inequality, Housing issues, Conflicts over land use change, Specified pollution, Crime, Poverty, Unemployment. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details, Specific details of the urban area chosen, etc.