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O-LevelGeographyThe natural environment2217/23 · Oct/Nov 2018 · Q48 Marks

Study Fig. 4.1, which shows the distribution of active volcanoes. [Figure 4.1]

  1. (a)Describe the distribution of volcanoes shown on Fig. 4.1.[4]
  2. (b)Explain how volcanoes have been formed at location X.[2]
  3. (c)In some parts of the world people live close to volcanoes. Suggest two ways that they can reduce the risk of death if the volcano erupts.[2]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

  1. [4] Plate boundaries
  2. West of N / S America (plate)
  3. Around Pacific (plate)
  4. Middle of Atlantic
  5. Between Europe and Africa (plates)
  6. East Africa / African rift valley
  7. North / east of Australian plate
  8. Edge of Philippine plate
  9. Named country
  10. [2] Plates converge / destructive boundary
  11. Nazca plate subducts
  12. Melting
  13. Magma rises
  14. Lines of weakness on edge of crumpled plate
  15. [2] Have an evacuation plan / evacuate
  16. Be linked to an early warning / monitoring system
  17. Practice emergency drill / first aid training
  18. Know the escape routes
  19. Keep an emergency kit / survival kit / first aid kit
  20. Dust masks
  21. Building modifications such as strong roof / fire proofing

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About this question

Topic
The natural environment, O-Level Geography (syllabus 2217). Structured question, 8 marks.
Source
O-Level Geography, Oct/Nov 2018 Paper 2 Variant 3, question 4.

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