O-LevelGeographyThe natural environment2217/13 · Oct/Nov 2018 · Q325 Marks

(a) Study Fig. 3.1, which shows information about the weather at midday on 29 March and 31 March 2016 at Poole Harbour in the UK. [Figure 3.1]

(a)(i)Define weather.[1]
(a)(ii)Describe how wind direction is measured.[2]
(a)(iii)Identify from Fig. 3.1 the weather characteristic measured by the following instruments. Anemometer .................................................. Barometer .................................................. Thermometer ..................................................[3]
(a)(iv)Describe four differences between the weather at Poole Harbour on 29 March and 31 March 2016.[4]
(b)Study Fig. 3.2, which shows the annual rainfall on the island of Viti Levu, in Fiji. [Figure 3.2]
(b)(i)Describe the location of the area with an annual rainfall of over 5000 mm in Viti Levu.[3]
(b)(ii)Describe how data on rainfall can be collected using a rain gauge. You should refer to where the rain gauge should be sited and how it is used.[5]
(c)For a named river you have studied, describe the hazards for people caused by flooding. Name of river ..............................................[7]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2018). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[2] Wind vane/sock; The arrow points in the direction the wind is blowing from; 2 @ 1 mark
[3] Wind speed; (Air/atmospheric) Pressure; Temperature; 3 @ 1 mark
[4] Ideas such as on 29th March: Humidity is (slightly) higher on 29th/lower on 31st/increases; Air pressure is lower; Cloud base is lower Wind is from WSW but 31st March it is from north; Wind speed is higher; Temperature is lower etc.; 4 @ 1 mark
[3] Ideas such as: Inland/central/centre; Eastern/SE part of island; North west of Suva; South East of Lautoka; South/SE coast/touches coast near Suva/extends to SE coast; 3 @ 1 mark
[5] Should be in open space; Not covered by trees/away from buildings; Put it into/partially into ground; Leave for 24 hours/specified/even time period/check same time every day/record every day; Allow ice to melt; Pour water into measuring cylinder/measure water collected in a cylinder/read off in millimetres; Empty water/replace empty collecting jar/reset; etc.; 5 @ 1 mark or development
[7] Content Guide: Answers are likely to refer to: Deaths and injuries; Damage to property; Damage to possessions; Disruption of transport; Damage to crops/farmland/livestock; Water borne disease; Economic losses etc.; Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details, Statistics

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