O-LevelGeographyThe natural environment2217/22 · Oct/Nov 2017 · Q38 Marks

Study Photograph A (Insert) which shows a river bank, where an engineering method has been used to prevent erosion.

(a)Describe and explain the method used to prevent bank erosion.[5]
(b)(i)Fig. 4 shows a coastal area. Coastal protection has been used at B to prevent erosion. [Figure 4] For each of A and C, suggest one reason why coastal protection was not thought to be necessary. A C[2]
(b)(ii)Suggest a group of people who would be against the use of coastal protection at B. Give a reason for your answer. Group Reason[1]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2017). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

3(a) Wood / vertical tree trunks / posts / logs to support the structure; Wire / metal grid / mesh / gabions / cage to contain the stones; Rocks / stones to absorb the water impact / energy; Material / sacking to prevent soil being washed through mesh; Vegetation to anchor soil / reduce saturation; Reserve 1 for explain
3(b)(i) A - settlement is inland / no settlement at A; A - cliffs are hard rock; C - sheltered by headland / from prevailing wind; C - shallow water
3(b)(ii) Tax payers in another town – why should they pay when it doesn't affect them?; Environmentalists – interferes with habitats / natural processes; Tourists - spoils views / may restrict beach access

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