Study Fig. 10, which shows information about a plan to change the source of the energy used in Bavaria, a part of Germany (an MEDC in Europe). [Figure 10.0]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2016). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] Nuclear power
2. [2] Non-renewable = natural gas Renewable = HEP/geothermal/solar/wind/biomass
3. [3] Ideas such as: Will be using no nuclear power; No coal/oil being used; Natural gas use planned to increase(by 2020)/will become main fuel; Increasing use of solar/biomass/wind/HEP/renewables; Reserve 1 mark max. for statistics e.g. natural gas from 10% to 46% or increase by 36%; Note: When awarding reserve mark for statistics 'zero' or 'none' is allowable as an alternative to '0%' e.g. 58% nuclear in 2013 but none in 2020 = 1 mark
4. [4] Ideas such as: Less need to transport coal/oil/less chance of oil leaks; Less fumes/sulphur dioxide (from burning of coal/oil)/less air pollution/cleaner air to breathe/less asthma; Less build-up of carbon dioxide/greenhouse gases; Less likely to enhance global warming; Less likelihood of radiation from nuclear power stations/radioactive waste/less cancer; Reduction in production/running costs; Renewable energy supply more sustainable/will not run out/not worry about fossil fuels running out; Less acid rain etc.
5. [3] Ideas such as: Limited areas with high winds speed/winds not strong enough/winds don't blow all the time/little wind; Limited space available for siting of turbines/they need a large area; Expensive building cost/cannot afford to build ; Technology not available in all countries/lack of skills to build; Only generate relatively small amounts of energy; etc.
6. [5] Ideas such as: Supporters will argue: Low cost electricity once constructed/low running costs/wind is free; Creation of employment for construction/maintenance; Not pollute atmosphere/air/water/give out greenhouse gases/not enhance global warming; Can still use land for farming etc. Opponents will argue: Some people are upset by visual impact/can be seen for many miles/ruins the view/ do not look nice/eyesore; Loss of tourism/puts tourists off; Birds flying into turbines; Ecosystems disrupted by construction; Only small amount of energy can be generated ; Noise pollution etc. Note: Reserve 1 mark for opponents/supporters
7. [7] Levels marking Level 1 (1-3 marks) Statements including limited detail which describe (1xL1 for description but has to be more specific than a named country) and/or explain the location of a factory or industrial zone. Note: Max one mark only for description of a factory or industrial zone Level 2 (4-6 marks) More developed statements which explain the location of a factory or industrial zone. (Note: Max 5 if no named or inappropriate example) Level 3 (7 marks) Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements, which explain how it is threatening the local natural environment, including some place specific reference. Content Guide: Answers should refer to a factory or industrial zone such as: Raw materials, Market, Land availability, Power supplies, Communications, Inertia, Workforce Government policy etc. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details; Specific details of industry Named/numbered roads etc. Note: Answer can refer to any secondary industry or zone. Primary or tertiary industry to L1 only i.e. max. 3 marks, as long as reasons given would refer to a factory or industrial zone.