A geography student was studying local weather conditions. He decided to do an investigation of rainfall and wind direction at his school and at a coastguard station about 60km away. The locations of the school and coastguard station are shown on Fig. 8 (Insert). He tested the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: There is more daily rainfall at school than at the coastguard station. Hypothesis 2: There is more rainfall on days when the wind is blowing from the south and south west.

1. (a)(i)To investigate the two hypotheses the student used a rain gauge and a wind vane. These are shown in Figs 9 and 10 (Insert). Suggest two factors which the student should have considered when deciding where to put the rain gauge.[2]
2. (a)(ii)Describe how the student would have used the rain gauge to make his measurements.[3]
3. (a)(iii)The student used a wind vane to observe wind direction. Suggest a good location to put the wind vane and explain your choice.[2]
4. (a)(iv)Explain how a wind vane shows wind direction.[3]
5. (b)(i)The student recorded the results of his measurements in a fieldwork diary which is shown in Table 2 below. Calculate the average (mean) daily rainfall for the 10 days in which measurements were taken. Insert your answer into Table 2.[1]
6. (b)(ii)The student obtained secondary weather data for the same period of time from the coastguard station. This is shown in Table 3 (Insert). Often students get both primary and secondary data to investigate a hypothesis. Complete the table below which shows both types of data, by putting the following methods under the correct heading. Researching on the internet Using a barometer Measuring the speed of river flow Reading a newspaper report Primary data Secondary data Doing a pedestrian count Using an atlas map[2]
7. (b)(iii)Suggest two ways in which the secondary data obtained from the coastguard station is more reliable than the primary data collected by the student.[2]
8. (b)(iv)To compare the rainfall amounts at the school and the coastguard station the student plotted both sets of data onto a dispersion graph, Fig. 11 below. From Table 3 (Insert) add data to the dispersion graph to show the amount of rainfall at the coastguard station on Saturday 23rd.[1]
9. (b)(v)The student decided that Hypothesis 1: There is more daily rainfall at school than at the coastguard station was false. What evidence from Tables 2 and 3 and Fig. 11 supports his conclusion?[3]
10. (c)(i)To help him to reach a conclusion about Hypothesis 2: There is more rainfall on days when the wind is blowing from the south and south west, the student drew two graphs to compare wind direction and rainfall amounts. These are shown in Figs 12A and 12B below and opposite. Use the results in Table 3 (Insert) to draw onto Fig. 12B the SW wind direction bar at the coastguard station. Use the scale below Fig. 12A.[1]
11. (c)(ii)Use the results in Table 3 to draw onto Fig. 12B the rainfall bar for Friday 15th. Use the scale below Fig. 12A.[3]
12. (c)(iii)For the two places he studied, what conclusion would the student make about Hypothesis 2: There is more rainfall on days when the wind is blowing from the south and south west? Support your answer with evidence from Figs 12A and 12B. At school (Fig. 12A) At the coastguard station (Fig. 12B)[4]
13. (d)Suggest why daily rainfall amounts vary between the school and the coastguard station. Use Fig. 8 (Insert) to help you to answer.[3]

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