A class of students were studying how to use weather recording instruments.

1. (a)What instrument would they use to measure the following? Temperature ................................................................ Relative humidity ................................................................[2]
2. (b)One student noticed that the weather was forecast to change considerably the next day, so he decided to take some measurements to investigate the extent of these changes. He decided to test the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: There is a relationship between changes in atmospheric pressure and change in rainfall. Hypothesis 2: There is a relationship between changes in atmospheric pressure and change in wind speed and wind direction. He decided to take measurements of rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, cloud type and amount of cloud cover. He would take these measurements every four hours at 07.00, 11.00, 15.00 and 19.00. He also decided to take readings of atmospheric pressure every hour. The student also decided to take one set of measurements at 12.00 hours on the day before his investigation (Day 1) and another set at 12.00 on the day after his investigation (Day 3). Suggest why the student decided to take measurements over three days.[2]
3. (c)(i)He used the following measuring equipment: rain gauge, anemometer, wind vane, barometer and a diagram of cloud types. In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of a rain gauge. Explain how the student made his measurements.[4]
4. (c)(ii)Fig. 15 (Insert 2) and Fig. 16 (Insert 2) show an anemometer and wind vane. Explain how they measure wind speed and wind direction. Anemometer: Wind vane: [Figure 15] [Figure 16][4]
5. (c)(iii)The barometer in Fig. 17 (Insert 2), measures atmospheric pressure. Explain how and why the index pointer on the barometer is used. [Figure 17][2]
6. (c)(iv)What unit is used to measure cloud cover?[1]
7. (d)(i)The recording sheet of the student's fieldwork is shown in Table 4, below. Look at the barometer in Fig. 17 and use this to fill in the atmospheric pressure at 12.00 hours on Day 1. [Table 4] [Figure 17][1]
8. (d)(ii)Fig. 18, below, is a summary of the student's fieldwork. Use information from Table 4 to complete the following tasks on Fig. 18. Draw the rainfall bar at 11.00 hours on Day 2. [Figure 18] [Table 4][1]
9. (d)(iii)Complete the atmospheric pressure line graph at 19.00, 20.00 and 21.00 hours on Day 2.[2]
10. (d)(iv)Draw in the wind direction and speed on the rose diagram at 19.00 hours on Day 2.[2]
11. (d)(v)Draw in the cloud type at 12.00 on Day 1.[1]
12. (d)(vi)Plot the cloud cover at 15.00 hours on Day 2.[1]
13. (e)(i)Having completed his comparison table the student looked again at his hypotheses. He decided that Hypothesis 1: There is a relationship between changes in atmospheric pressure and change in rainfall was true. Describe the relationship between atmospheric pressure and rainfall. Support your description with data from Fig. 18.[3]
14. (e)(ii)He also decided that Hypothesis 2: There is a relationship between changes in atmospheric pressure and change in wind speed and wind direction was true. How did wind speed and wind direction change as atmospheric pressure changed? Support your answer with data from Fig. 18.[4]

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