O-LevelGeographyEconomic development2217/12 · May/June 2025 · Q625 Marks

Section C Answer one question from this section. (a) Study Fig. 6.1, a graph showing information about the employment structure of selected countries.

(a)(i)Give one example of employment in primary industry. [1][1]
(a)(ii)State the percentage employed in the secondary and the tertiary industry in country X. secondary industry ..................................................... % tertiary industry ..................................................... % [2][2]
(a)(iii)Using Fig. 6.1, compare the employment structure of LEDCs and MEDCs. Do not use statistics. [3][3]
(a)(iv)Suggest two different ways in which the employment structure of country X is likely to change in the future. Give one reason for each of the changes you suggest. 1 2 [4][4]
(b)(i)Using Fig. 6.2 only, state the development indicator which has a positive relationship with GNP per person a negative relationship with GNP per person no clear relationship with GNP per person. [3][3]
(b)(ii)Explain why the Human Development Index (HDI) is a good method of measuring development. [5][5]
(c)Describe the features of a named transnational corporation (TNC) you have studied. Name of transnational corporation (TNC) [7][7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] Farming/mining/forestry/fishing/quarrying etc.
[2] Secondary = 10 (%)
[2] Tertiary = 45/46 (%)
[3] LEDCs have greater percentage/more of primary employment;
[3] MEDCs have greater percentage/more of tertiary employment;
[3] MEDCs have slightly larger/similar/the same percentage of secondary employment;
[3] LEDCs have high primary but MEDCs have high tertiary;
[4] Primary employment may decrease (1) due to mechanisation in agriculture/exhaustion of natural resources/more imports of food etc. (2);
[4] Secondary employment may increase (1) due to investment from TNCs/development of power network/road system etc. (2);
[4] Tertiary employment may increase (1) due to more education/skills development, more public services provided, more demand for services/loss of work in primary/secondary due to mechanisation etc. (2);
[3] Positive relationship = life expectancy
[3] Negative relationship = infant mortality
[3] No relationship = number of tourists
[5] Uses a composite index/uses 3 indicators/multiple indicators/measures many factors/uses social and economic indicators;
[5] Incorporates a measure of income/wealth/GNI (per capita);
[5] Incorporates a measure of education/mean years of schooling;
[5] Incorporates a measure of health care/life expectancy;
[5] Uses a simple 0–1 scale;
[5] Higher the value/nearer to 1 the more developed the country;
[5] Enables comparison between countries;
[5] Enables comparison over time;
[7] Content Guide: Products produced/services offered; Sources of raw materials; Where production occurs; Markets; Transport of raw materials/products; 'Home' country/base; Etc. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: Locational details/named areas/countries; Statistics.