A group of students carried out fieldwork about tourism in Bagan, a city which is a major tourist destination in Myanmar. Photograph F (Insert) shows a view of part of the city. They decided to test the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: More tourists come to Bagan from Asia than from other parts of the world. Hypothesis 2: People in different age groups come to visit Bagan for different reasons.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2017). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] Questionnaire is for tourists / only wanted to ask tourists / to see if they are tourists
2. [1] Not waste people's time / if not a tourist no need to continue
3. [1] If include non-tourists results will be unreliable / contain wrong information / inaccurate / irrelevant
4. [1] Some people they ask will not be tourists / eliminate residents
5. [1] Systematic
6. [1] Easy / quick method to undertake / don't need random numbers / don't need knowledge of population to be sampled
7. [1] Will not be biased / will be reliable / will be fair
8. [1] Plot China = 16 and USA = 10 on Fig. 6
9. [1] Must point in direction of Bagan
10. [1] (Map) Shows direction of movement
11. [1] (Map) Gives information about distribution / pattern of countries
12. [1] (Map) Shows which area of world / where tourists come from / location
13. [1] (Map) Shows distance / how far tourists travel
14. [1] (Bar graphs) Easy to see number / how many / exact figure
15. [1] (Bar graphs) Easy to rank / see the order of importance / analyse
16. [1] (Bar graphs) Easy to compare different countries / values
17. [1] (Bar graphs) Separates Asian and non-Asian countries
18. [1] Hypothesis is true – 1 mark reserve
19. [1] 64(%) come from Asia / 28 more from Asia
20. [1] Two largest source countries are in Asia / Thailand and China / most come from Thailand and China
21. [1] Credit 1 mark (not reserve) for accurate data to compare two bar graphs, e.g. 16 come from China / Thailand and 10 come from USA
22. [1] 16 come from Thailand and less than 10 from all countries outside Asia
23. [1] In Asia highest number is 16 and outside Asia highest number is 10
24. [1] (Plotting over 60 categories on histogram) Cultural and heritage = 19
25. [1] (Plotting over 60 categories on histogram) People and traditions = 7
26. [1] -1 mark if incorrect or no shading
27. [1] Hypothesis is false / no / not supported – 1 mark reserve (HA)
28. [1] People in different age groups visit for the same reasons
29. [1] (Main) attraction for people of all age groups is cultural and heritage sites
30. [1] (Second) attraction for all age groups is people and their traditions
31. [1] Other reasons / balloon rides / hot weather / restaurants and nightlife are unimportant for all age groups
32. [1] Credit 1 mark max for supporting statistics from at least two age groups e.g. 15 from 21-40 and 19 from over 60 visit cultural and heritage sites
33. [1] 1 from 0-20, 1 from 21-40, 0 from over 40 visit restaurants
34. [1] Plot 'people' = 19% and 'travel agent' = 37%
35. [1] 1 mark for dividing line, 1 mark for shading
36. [1] More people used travel agent in China
37. [1] More people used internet in Japan
38. [1] Most use travel agent in China and most use internet in Japan
39. [1] Credit 'only' with statistics
40. [1] (Advantages) Brings money into the area / economy / increase GDP / sell to tourists / tourists buy products
41. [1] (Advantages) Creates jobs for local people / e.g. of job
42. [1] (Advantages) Local people experience cultures from other countries / share culture / local traditions across the world / preserves local culture
43. [1] (Advantages) Improves local services / public transport / health / education
44. [1] (Advantages) Locals can use tourist facilities / services
45. [1] (Advantages) Multiplier effect
46. [1] (Disadvantages) Disturbance to local people / noise
47. [1] (Disadvantages) Traffic congestion
48. [1] (Disadvantages) Tourists don't respect local culture / alcohol / drugs / religious issues / racial tension / prostitution
49. [1] (Disadvantages) Tourist hotels / development take up farmland / knock down houses
50. [1] (Disadvantages) Hotels spoil the view
51. [1] (Disadvantages) Tourist industry uses scarce resources / water / electricity
52. [1] (Disadvantages) Air pollution / water pollution / waste / litter from tourist developments
53. [1] (Disadvantages) Seasonal jobs
54. [1] (Disadvantages) Increased price of goods / property
55. [1] (Disadvantages) Loss of privacy
56. [1] Reserve 2 marks for advantages / disadvantages
57. [1] (Topic) Water pollution
58. [1] (Topic) Litter
59. [1] (Topic) Decrease in vegetation
60. [1] (Investigation method) Bi-polar analysis
61. [1] (Investigation method) Quadrat
62. [1] (Investigation method) Litter count
63. [1] (Investigation method) Species identification
64. [1] (Investigation method) Comparing photographs
65. [1] (Investigation method) Environmental index
66. [1] (Development of method) Generic ideas about grouping, time of day, checking methodology
67. [1] (Development of method) Specific details of method