O-LevelGeographyThe natural environment2217/22 · May/June 2016 · Q38 Marks

Study Table 2, which shows global totals for the number of earthquakes of different magnitudes on the Richter scale, from 2003 to 2013. [Table 2] Magnitude range (Richter 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 scale) 8.0–9.9 1 2 1 2 4 0 1 1 1 2 2 7.0–7.9 14 14 10 9 14 12 16 21 19 15 17 6.0–6.9 140 141 140 142 178 168 144 151 204 129 124 5.0–5.9 1203 1515 1693 1712 2074 1768 1896 1963 2271 1412 1402 Total 1358 1672 1844 1865 2270 1948 2057 2136 2495 1558 1545

(a)(i)In which year did the most earthquakes occur?[1]
(a)(ii)How many earthquakes of magnitude 5.0–5.9 occurred in 2009?[1]
(a)(iii)How many earthquakes of magnitude 6.0 or greater occurred in 2006?[1]
(a)(iv)Describe the relationship between magnitude and number of earthquakes.[1]
(b)(i)Study Table 3, which shows earthquakes resulting in deaths in 2013. [Table 3] Complete the ranking of number of deaths on Table 3.[1]
(b)(ii)Suggest why earthquakes of similar magnitude can have very different numbers of deaths.[3]

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2016). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] (a)(i) 2011
[1] (a)(ii) 1896
[1] (a)(iii) 153
[1] (a)(iv) As magnitude increases number of earthquakes decreases As magnitude decreases number of earthquakes increases Negative relationship
[1] (b)(i) All correct as follows: = 9 1 = 6 2 8 3 5 = 6 4 = 9 11
[3] (b)(ii) Different population density Type of building / materials used Earthquake proof buildings Under land or sea Population awareness / earthquake drill Resources to deal with aftermath / rescue services Rock type / ground stability

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