O-LevelGeographyEconomic development2217/13 · May/June 2016 · Q625 Marks

Study Fig. 9, which shows information about the use of water in selected countries. Put the following countries in rank order according to their total use of water per person per year. Brazil China USA 1st highest 2nd 3rd lowest

(a)(i)Study Fig. 9, which shows information about the use of water in selected countries. Put the following countries in rank order according to their total use of water per person per year. Brazil China USA 1st highest 2nd 3rd lowest[1]
(a)(ii)What is meant by the following uses of water? – domestic – industrial[2]
(a)(iii)Using Fig. 9 only, compare the use of water in Canada (an MEDC) and Mexico (an LEDC).[3]
(a)(iv)Suggest reasons for the differences in the use of water in Canada and Mexico.[4]
(b)(i)Study Fig. 10, which shows information about the water supply of the city of Vienna, in Austria (an MEDC in Europe). Using Fig. 10, identify three different methods which Vienna uses to obtain water. 1 2 3[3]
(b)(ii)Explain the importance to the people and economy of a city of having a good water supply system.[5]
(c)For a named country or region you have studied, explain the causes of food shortages. Name of country or region[7]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2016). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] (a) (i) USA China Brazil
[2] (ii) Domestic = use in the home; industrial = use in factories. 2 @ 1 mark
[3] (iii) Ideas such as: Canada uses more per person overall; Mexico uses a greater amount in agriculture; Canada uses a greater amount in industry; Canada uses a greater amount domestically; Canada most in industry but Mexico most in agriculture; Canada least in agriculture but Mexico least in domestic, etc. NB: Alternatively, comparative statistics can be used. 3 @ 1 mark
[4] (iv) Ideas such as: Canada has more rainfall/farmers need to use more irrigation/Mexico has less rainfall/more drought/more water shortages; Mexico has lots more farmland/Mexico relies more on farming/Canada can import food; Canada has more industries; homes in Canada have many appliances which use water; Canada has better water supply infrastructure or examples, e.g. pipes, etc. (or reverse statements). NB: No need for comparisons. 4 @ 1 mark
[3] (b) (i) springs; wells; reservoirs; river; or accept named examples from map. 3 @ 1 mark
[5] (ii) Ideas such as: water is an essential for life/essential to survive; without it people would become dehydrated; good infrastructure will ensure supplies are continuous; people will not have to walk long distances to fetch water/do not waste time fetching water; water will be clean/not carry disease so people will not suffer waterborne diseases or example/good health; industries depend on water for processing/cooling; electricity generated using water supplies; hospitals have access to water; don't have to worry about water shortages; long life expectancy; hygiene/sanitation improved, etc. 5 @ 1 mark or development
[7] (c) Levels marking; Level 1 (1–3 marks) Statements including limited detail which explain the causes of food shortages. Level 2 (4–6 marks) Uses named example. More developed statements which explain the causes of food shortages. NB: Max 5 if no named or inappropriate example. Level 3 (7 marks) Uses named example. Comprehensive and accurate statements, including some place specific reference. Content Guide: Answers are likely to refer to: drought; natural disasters; war; pests; crop diseases; commercial farming; poverty/unemployment, etc. Place specific reference is likely to consist of: locational details, specific details of settlements/areas affected, statistical information, etc.