Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions
Browse 35,704 questions from Cambridge O-Level & A-Level and Pearson Edexcel IGCSE & IAL exams. Click any question to practice.
Three experiments are carried out to investigate the reaction of nitrogen oxide, NO, with chlorine. 2NO + Cl2 → 2NOCI The rate equation for this re...
Chromium(III) hydroxide, Cr(OH)3, is only slightly soluble in water. The value of the solubility product, Ksp, of Cr(OH)3 is 1.0 × 10⁻³³ at 298 K. ...
Table 4.1 gives the enthalpy changes of hydration, ∆Hhyd, of three ions, F⁻, K⁺ and Ca²⁺. Table 4.1 ion ∆Hhyd / kJ mol⁻¹ F⁻ -506 K⁺ -322 Ca²⁺ -1650
Copper is a transition element.
Iron forms complex ions with the monodentate ligand, CN⁻. Complex ion A contains one Fe³⁺ ion and six CN⁻ ligands. Complex ion B contains one Fe²⁺ ...
A hydrocarbon is known to be either compound D or compound E. [Figure 7.1] D CH2CH3 CH2CH3 E CH2CH3 CH2CH3 Fig. 7.1
Bromine reacts with methylbenzene in the dark in the presence of a suitable catalyst to form HBr and compound L, C7H7Br. L is one of three isomers ...
Phenylamine, C6H5NH2, and propylamine, CH3CH2CH2NH2, can be produced by different reduction reactions.
Propanoic acid, methanoic acid and ethanedioic acid are all weak acids.
Calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, decomposes on heating. Write an equation for the decomposition of calcium nitrate.
When cobalt(II) sulfate, CoSO4, is dissolved in distilled water, solution A is formed. The reaction scheme in Fig. 2.1 shows some reactions of solu...
Define entropy.
In aqueous solution, iodide ions react with acidified hydrogen peroxide, as shown in reaction 1. reaction 1 2I® + H2O2 + 2H+ → I2 + 2H2O The rate e...
Chloric(I) acid, HClO, is a weak Brønsted-Lowry acid. When chloric(I) acid is added to aqueous sodium hydroxide, an acid-base reaction takes place,...
Methylbenzene reacts readily with nitronium ions, NO2+. NO2+ ions are generated by the reaction between concentrated nitric acid and concentrated s...
2-aminobutane, CH3CH(NH2)CH2CH3, exists as a mixture of two enantiomers. Define enantiomers.
Compound A is analysed by carbon-13 NMR and proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy. [Figure 8.1] (structure of A)
The structures of the amino acids serine and lysine are shown in Fig. 9.1. [Figure 9.1]
(a) Chromium(III) hydroxide, Cr(OH)3, is only slightly soluble in water. The value of the solubility product, Ksp, of Cr(OH)3 is 1.0 × 10–33 at 298 K.
Table 4.1 gives the enthalpy changes of hydration, ΔHhyd, of three ions, F¯, K+ and Ca2+. Table 4.1 ion ΔHhyd/kJ mol-1 F- -506 K+ -322 Ca2+ -1650
(a) Iron forms complex ions with the monodentate ligand, CN¯.
A hydrocarbon is known to be either compound D or compound E. [Figure 7.1] (a) Give the systematic name of E.
(a) Phenylamine, C6H5NH2, and propylamine, CH3CH2CH2NH2, can be produced by different reduction reactions.
Grignard reagents have the general formula RMgX, where R is a hydrocarbon group and X is a halogen. The Grignard reagent C6H5MgBr is used as an int...
An experiment is carried out to determine the rate constant, k, for the hydrolysis of ethyl ethanoate, CH3COOC2H5, using a hydrochloric acid, HCl(a...
Activated carbon is a form of carbon with the ability to adsorb solutes from solutions. The adsorption of ethanedioic acid molecules, (COOH)2, from...
The enthalpy change of combustion, ∆Hᶜ, of butane, C₄H₁₀, can be determined using the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.1. [Figure 2.1] The following steps...
0.200 mol of a hydrocarbon undergo complete combustion to give 35.2 g of carbon dioxide and 14.4 g of water as the only products. What is the molec...
Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. The graph represents the variation of a property of the Group II elements. [Figure 2.1] What ...
The antidote molecule shown can help to prevent liver damage if someone takes too many paracetamol tablets. [Figure 3.1] What is the order of decre...
The first stage in the industrial production of nitric acid from ammonia can be represented by the following equation. 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ⇌ 4NO(g) + ...
Which conversion involves a reduction of chromium?
The equilibrium N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) ΔΗ= +180 kJ mol-1 contributes to a series of reactions producing photochemical smog. Which factors would aff...
PCl5 dissociates as follows. PCl5(g) → PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) The extent of dissociation is 13% at 160°C and 100% at 300°C. Which pair of statements abou...
Four reactions of the type shown are studied at the same temperature. X(g) + Y(g) → Z(g) Which is the correct reaction pathway diagram for the reac...
The following graph shows the variation of a property of the first 20 elements in the Periodic Table with the atomic number of the element. [Figure...
Which statement correctly describes what happens when silicon tetrachloride is added to water?
Which graph correctly describes a trend found in the halogen group? [X represents a halogen atom.]
During electrolysis of brine in a diaphragm cell, chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide are produced. What is the molar ratio of these products? ...
When sulfur trioxide is manufactured from sulfur dioxide and oxygen, using the Contact process, which condition affects the value of the equilibriu...
Most modern cars are fitted with three-way catalytic converters in the exhaust system. Which three gases are removed by such a catalytic converter?
In an historically famous experiment Wöhler heated 'inorganic' ammonium cyanate in the absence of air. The only product of the reaction was 'organi...
The drug cortisone has the formula shown. [Figure 19.1] In addition to those chiral centres marked by an asterisk (*), how many other chiral centre...
The presence of 11-cis retinal, C20H28O, in cells in the eye is important for vision. The structure of retinal includes an aldehyde group, a cycloh...
The following diagram represents the structure of a possible polymer. [Figure 22.1] By which method might this polymer be made?
Sorbic acid is used as a food preservative because it kills fungi and moulds. [Figure 23.1] Sorbic acid will react with • hydrogen in the presence ...
Bromine reacts with ethene to form 1,2-dibromoethane. What is the correct description of the organic intermediate in this reaction?
Which equation represents a valid propagation step in the free radical reaction between ethane and chlorine?
The naturally-occurring molecule civetone is found in a gland of the African civet cat and has been used in perfumery. [Figure 26.1] With which rea...
Cyanohydrins can be made from carbonyl compounds by generating CN⁻ ions from HCN in the presence of a weak base. [Figure 27.1] In a similar reactio...