Cambridge Past Paper Questions
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In Group 2 of the Periodic Table, the properties of the elements and their compounds show regular change down the group. Which property shows a dec...
Four properties of beryllium, Be, or a beryllium compound are listed. Which property is different from the property of magnesium or the equivalent ...
Which two formulae correctly represent a pair of structural isomers?
Which reagents and conditions would result in the formation of butanenitrile, CH3CH2CH2CN?
Compound X, C7H13Br, reacts with hot alcoholic NaOH to produce two compounds, Y and Z. On reaction with Br2, Y gives a product, C7H12Br2, which exi...
When illudin S is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified potassium dichromate(VI), compound M is formed. [Figure 28.1: Reaction scheme sho...
Cyclohexene, C6H10, is a hydrocarbon with a six-membered ring of carbon atoms. It has several structural isomers that are straight-chain alkenes. T...
Exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine are made less harmful by passing them through a catalytic converter. A number of reactions take pl...
Which compound reacts most rapidly with aqueous silver nitrate by an SN1 mechanism?
Tartaric acid, HOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOH, is found in many plants. A sample of tartaric acid reacts with an excess of LiAlH4 to form the organic product...
Citric acid can be converted into tricarballylic acid in two stages. An intermediate, Q, is formed. [Figure 33.1: Reaction scheme showing citric ac...
Structural and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question. P has molecular formula C5H10O. P produces an orange precipitate ...
Two isomeric alcohols, W and X, have molecular formula C4H9OH. W is oxidised to carbonyl compound Y which gives a red precipitate with Fehling's so...
The ester ethyl butanoate can be hydrolysed using an excess of dilute sodium hydroxide solution. Which substance is a product of this reaction?
An aqueous solution contains 4.00 g of a carboxylic acid, Q. When this solution reacts with an excess of magnesium, 380 cm³ of gas is produced, mea...
The infrared spectrum of an organic compound is shown. [Figure 38.1: Infrared spectrum showing transmittance (%) vs wavenumber (cm⁻¹). A table of c...
Cyclohexa-1,4-diene is treated with a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane in the dark. [Figure 39.1: Structure of cyclohexa-1,4-diene.] Which...
2-methylbut-2-ene is reacted with hot, concentrated, acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution. What are the products of this reaction?
The Pauling electronegativity values of elements can be used to predict the chemical properties of compounds. Use the information in Table 1.1 to a...
The Group 2 elements Mg to Ba are all silvery-white reactive metals.
Alkenes undergo an addition reaction with a 1:1 mixture of CO and H₂ to form aldehydes. Fig. 3.1 shows the reaction of propene with a 1:1 mixture o...
Fig. 4.1 shows some reactions of compound D, 2-bromobutane. [Fig. 4.1]
In this experiment you will determine the relative formula mass, Mr, of basic zinc carbonate, ZnCO3•2Zn(OH)2•xH2O, by an alternative method. A know...
Qualitative Analysis For each test you should record all your observations in the spaces provided. Examples of observations include: • colour chang...
The most common zinc mineral contains zinc(II) sulfide, ZnS.
Hypophosphorous acid is an inorganic acid. The conjugate base of hypophosphorous acid is H2PO2⁻.
Vanadium is a transition element in Period 4 of the Periodic Table.
Ethylamine and phenylamine are primary amines. ethylamine CH3CH2NH2 phenylamine NH2 [Figure 4.1]
Tulobuterol is used in some medicines. tulobuterol Cl OH H N [Figure 5.1]
A student uses thin-layer chromatography (TLC) to analyse a mixture containing different metal cations. The student repeats the experiment using di...
Aqueous iron(II) ions, Fe2+(aq), are usually kept in acidic conditions to prevent them readily oxidising to aqueous iron(III) ions, Fe3+(aq). Fe2+...
The reaction between iodide ions, I⁻(aq), and aqueous hydrogen peroxide, H2O2(aq), takes place in acidic conditions. reaction 1 2I⁻(aq) + H2O2(aq)...
Which species contains the same number of neutrons as ¹⁴C and the same number of electrons as ²³Na⁺?
Which process has the largest enthalpy change per mole?
Which sodium compound contains 74.2% by mass of sodium?
What is the maximum volume of sulfur dioxide gas measured at room conditions produced from burning 100 dm³ of diesel fuel containing 0.8346 g of su...
Which row shows the correct number of covalent bonds in a molecule of methylpropene?
Aluminium chloride exists as Al₂Cl₆ molecules at room temperature. When heated to a high temperature, AlCl₃ molecules are formed. What are the arra...
The table shows the physical properties of four substances. Which substance has a giant covalent structure?
At room temperature and pressure, H₂O is a liquid and H₂S is a gas. What is the reason for this difference of state?
The enthalpy change for a reaction can be calculated from values of: • enthalpies of formation, ∆Hᶠ • enthalpies of combustion, ∆Hᶜ • bond energies...
Which reaction has an enthalpy change equal to the standard enthalpy change of formation of propane?
One of the reactions in the rechargeable lead/acid battery is shown. Pb(s) + PbO₂(s) + 4H⁺(aq) + 2SO₄²⁻(aq) → 2PbSO₄(s) + 2H₂O(l) Which statement a...
KMnO₄ is an oxidising agent. Its reaction with Fe²⁺ is shown in the following ionic equation. ...X...MnO₄⁻ + ......Fe²⁺ + H⁺ → ......Mn²⁺ + ..Y...F...
Nitrogen and hydrogen are mixed in a reaction vessel. The reaction reaches equilibrium giving a mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia gases. N₂...
A mixture of hydrogen gas and iodine gas is placed in a reaction vessel of volume V at temperature T. The reaction H₂ + I₂ ⇌ 2HI is allowed to come...
Two experiments are carried out to study the reaction between zinc and sulfuric acid. experiment 1 Small lumps of zinc are added to excess dilute s...
The relative magnitude of the property X of five elements is shown. P, Q, R, S and T are all in Period 3 and have consecutive atomic numbers. The l...
Element X is in Period 3. Element X reacts with oxygen to produce a solid, Y. When solid Y is added to water, a solution with a pH of less than 7 i...
This question refers to isolated gaseous species. The species F⁻, Ne and Na⁺ are isoelectronic. This means they have the same number of electrons. ...