Cambridge & Pearson Edexcel Past Paper Questions

Which reaction is not a redox reaction?

The reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen is reversible. 2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃ ΔH° = –196 kJ mol⁻¹ Which conditions of pressure and temperature fav...

Which statement about the effect of a catalyst on a reversible reaction is correct?

Which oxide is insoluble in aqueous sodium hydroxide?

X, Y and Z are three elements in the third period. • X reacts with chlorine to give a liquid product. • Y reacts with chlorine to give a solid prod...

A solution contains both Mg²⁺(aq) and Sr²⁺(aq) at the same concentration. The solution is divided into two equal portions. Aqueous sodium hydroxide...

The volatility of the Group 17 elements, chlorine, bromine and iodine, decreases down the group. What is responsible for this?

Bromine is extracted from sea-water. In the final stages of the process two redox reactions take place. Br₂(aq) + SO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) → 2HBr(aq) + H₂S...

When burned, sulfur forms a gaseous product X which can be oxidised to produce a gas Y. Gas Y reacts with water to produce a product Z. Which row c...

One molecule of ammonia reacts with one molecule of ethyl methanoate, HCO₂C₂H₅, to produce one molecule of methanamide, HCONH₂, and only one other ...

Which types of stereoisomerism are shown by 2,4-dimethylhex-2-ene?

An organic ion containing a carbon atom with a negative charge is called a carbanion. An organic ion containing a carbon atom with a positive charg...

Compound X can be converted into compound Y in a single step. [Figure 22.1] What could be the identity of X?

Which compound reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent but does not react with Tollens' reagent?

Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question. The molecular formula of compound X is C₅H₁₂O. Compound...

Which volume of hydrogen, measured under room conditions, is produced when 0.160 g of methanol reacts with an excess of sodium?

Compound X produces a carboxylic acid when heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Compound X does not react with sodium metal...

A reaction occurs when a sample of 1-chloropropane is heated under reflux with sodium hydroxide dissolved in ethanol. Which row is correct?

Ethanedioic acid has the formula HO₂CCO₂H. What is the formula of aluminium ethanedioate?

Alcohols, aldehydes and nitriles can each be converted into carboxylic acids. Which descriptions of their conversions into carboxylic acids are cor...

How many structural isomers with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O give infra-red absorptions both at approximately 1200 cm⁻¹ and at approximately 3400 ...

Compound Q contains 40% carbon by mass. What could Q be? 1 glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆ 2 starch, (C₆H₁₀O₅)n 3 sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

A container is partially filled with hot water, sealed and left to cool. Which statements are correct? 1 As the temperature decreases, water molecu...

Ammonia and chlorine react together in the gas phase. 8NH₃ + 3Cl₂ → N₂ + 6NH₄Cl Which statements are correct? 1 Ammonia behaves as a reducing agent...

In which reactions does NH₃ behave as a Brønsted-Lowry acid? 1 2NH₃ → NH₂⁻ + NH₄⁺ 2 HSO₄⁻ + NH₃ → SO₄²⁻ + NH₄⁺ 3 Ag⁺ + 2NH₃ → [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺

Chlorine reacts with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide. Which oxidation states does chlorine show in the products of this reaction? 1 –1 2 +3 3 +1

In which different forms does nitrogen exist in compounds? 1 bonded by a triple covalent bond 2 as part of a cation 3 in an oxidation state of +5

Poly(ethene) and PVC are examples of addition polymers. Which statements are correct? 1 On combustion, PVC can produce carbon monoxide, carbon diox...

Organic compound X gives a precipitate when warmed with aqueous silver nitrate. This precipitate dissolves when concentrated aqueous ammonia is add...

Propanal reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form 2-hydroxybutanenitrile. A suitable catalyst for this reaction is sodium cyanide. NaCN CH₃CH₂CHO + HCN...

The structure of lactic acid is shown. H₃C─CH(OH)─CO₂H [Figure of lactic acid structure]. Which esters might form when lactic acid is heated? 1 CH₃...

The graph shows a sketch of the first ionisation energies of six successive elements in the Periodic Table. The letters are not the symbols of the ...

Carbon and silicon are elements in Group 14.

Calcium and its compounds have a large variety of applications.

Cyclohexane is a colourless liquid used in industry to produce synthetic fibres. A reaction scheme involving cyclohexane is shown. [Figure 4.1: Rea...

Quantitative Analysis Read through the whole method before starting any practical work. Where appropriate, prepare a table for your results in the ...

Qualitative Analysis Where reagents are selected for use in a test, the name or correct formula of the element or compound must be given. At each s...

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

Describe the trend in the reactivity of the halogens Cl2, Br2 and I₂ as oxidising agents. Explain this trend using values of E° (X2/X¯) from the Da...

Hydrogen cyanide, HCN, is a weak acid in aqueous solution. HCN(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + CN-(aq) K = 6.2 x 10-10 mol dm-3 Calculate the pH of 0.10 mol dm⁻³ HC...

State what is meant by the term partition coefficient.

Complete the electronic configuration of a chromium atom. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²

The apparatus shows a cell which can be used to determine a value of the Avogadro constant, L. [Figure with diagram of an electrolytic cell with si...

Complete the equations to show the two types of polymerisation. Draw one repeat unit for each polymer. Include any other products. • addition polym...

Cumin is a spice used to flavour food. Two compounds responsible for its flavour are cuminaldehyde and cuminyl alcohol. [Figure showing structures ...

Two molecules of compound F react together under suitable conditions to form compound G. Some information about compounds F and G is given. • The m...

When a solute is added to a solvent the freezing point of the solution is lower than that of the pure solvent. The lowering of freezing point is v...

‘Lawn sand’ is spread over the grass in gardens to reduce the growth of moss. Lawn sand is a mixture of sand and iron(II) sulfate crystals, FeSO₄.7...

The Boltzmann distribution is shown for a sample of gas at an initial temperature, T1. [Figure 1.1] The sample of gas was heated to temperature, T2...

A 3.7 g sample of copper(II) carbonate is added to 25 cm³ of 2.0 mol dm⁻³ hydrochloric acid. Which volume of gas is produced under room conditions?