Quantitative Analysis Read through the whole method before starting any practical work. Where appropriate, prepare a table for your results in the space provided. Show your working and appropriate significant figures in the final answer to each step of your calculations. 1 You will investigate how increasing temperature affects the rate of a reaction. Sodium thiosulfate reacts with acid to form a pale yellow precipitate of sulfur. The ionic equation for the reaction is given. S2O32-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → S(s) + SO2(g) + H₂O(I) You will measure the time it takes for the sulfur formed in the reaction to obscure the print on the Insert supplied. Record your results in a table on page 4. Your table should include the rate of reaction for each experiment. FA 1 is an 18.1gdm-³ solution of hydrated sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3.5H2O. FA 2 is a 0.050 mol dm³ solution of a strong monoprotic acid, HZ. (a) Method • Approximately half fill the 250 cm³ beaker with tap water and place it on the tripod and gauze over the Bunsen burner. • Heat the water in the beaker to about 55°C and then switch off the Bunsen burner. This will be your hot water bath. • Use the 25 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 10cm³ of FA 1 into boiling tube 1. Place boiling tube 1 into your hot water bath. • Use the 50 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 20 cm³ of FA 2 into boiling tube 2. Place boiling tube 2 into your hot water bath. • Leave boiling tubes 1 and 2 in the hot water bath to heat up for use in Experiment 2. • Start Experiment 1. Experiment 1 • Use the 50 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 20 cm³ of FA 2 into the 100 cm³ beaker. • Measure and record the temperature of FA 2. • Use the 25 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 10cm³ of FA 1 into the same beaker and start timing immediately. • Swirl the beaker once to mix the solutions and place the beaker on the Insert. • Look down through the beaker and contents onto the Insert. • Stop timing as soon as the precipitate of sulfur obscures the print on the Insert. • Record the reaction time to the nearest second. • Empty the contents of the beaker into the quenching bath. • Rinse and dry the beaker so it is ready for use in Experiment 2. Experiment 2 • Measure and record the temperature of FA 2 in boiling tube 2. • Carefully transfer the hot contents of boiling tube 2 into the 100 cm³ beaker. • Carefully transfer the hot contents of boiling tube 1 into the same beaker and start timing immediately. • Swirl the beaker once to mix the solutions and place the beaker on the Insert. • Look down through the beaker and contents onto the Insert. • Stop timing as soon as the precipitate of sulfur obscures the print on the Insert. • Record the reaction time to the nearest second. • Empty the contents of the beaker into the quenching bath. • Rinse and dry the beaker so it is ready for use in Experiment 3. Experiment 3 • Use the 25 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 10cm³ of FA 1 into boiling tube 1. Place boiling tube 1 into your hot water bath. • Use the 50 cm³ measuring cylinder to transfer 20 cm³ of FA 2 into boiling tube 2. Place boiling tube 2 into your hot water bath. • Place the thermometer in boiling tube 2. When the temperature of FA 2 is about 8 °C lower than that for Experiment 2 record the temperature. Remove the thermometer and transfer the contents of boiling tube 2 into the 100 cm³ beaker. • Transfer the contents of boiling tube 1 into the same beaker and start timing immediately. • Swirl the beaker once to mix the solutions and place the beaker on the Insert. • Look down through the beaker and contents onto the Insert. • Stop timing as soon as the precipitate of sulfur obscures the print on the Insert. • Record the reaction time to the nearest second. • Empty the contents of the beaker into the quenching bath. • Rinse and dry the beaker so it is ready for use in Experiments 4 and 5. Experiments 4 and 5 • Repeat the method for Experiment 3 but at two different temperatures. • Keep the temperature of FA 2 between room temperature and 55°C. Do not exceed 55°C. Record all your results in your table on page 4.