Read the source below carefully to answer question (a). At first the East India Company had a neutral point of view towards religion in India. However, with the work of missionaries in the sub-continent, the Christian faith of British people living in India was strengthened. As a result people became more intolerant of Indian traditions and behaviour and the British began to impose changes on the way Indians lived, which caused resentment and anxiety.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2014). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [4] Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can be awarded for a developed statement. Candidates might refer to: A Hindu tradition, ritual burning of widows on funeral pyre of husbands. British tended to ignore the practice because of the fear of offending high-caste Hindus serving in the British army and civil service. In 1813 stated it was voluntary and would only be banned if Hindu religion opposed it, the widow was under 16 or intoxicated or pregnant. Practice outlawed by EIC in Bengal in 1829 and later in rest of India by Governor General Lord Bentinck. Suttee remained legal in some princely states. Isolated instances occurred in 20th century.
2. [1] LEVEL 1: Simplistic statement He believed in them.
3. [2-4] LEVEL 2: Identifies reasons He wanted to see Muslims prosper and improve their conditions.
4. [5-7] LEVEL 3: Explains reasons If they were to improve their poor status, then the Muslims had to accept more British ideas and take advantage of British education. He wanted to improve their social and economic conditions by taking up posts in the civil service and the army. If they didn't do these things, then they would see the Hindus prosper at their expense.
5. [1-2] LEVEL 1: Simplistic statement The British were better.
6. [3-6] LEVEL 2: Description of/identifies reasons The opposition to the British was too weak.
7. [7-10] LEVEL 3: Explains the strength of the British or other reasons
8. [9-13] LEVEL 4: Explains the strength of the British and other reasons The British had more modern methods of fighting and the army was better disciplined as well as being supplied by some of the local rulers. The British were also skilled diplomats so they were able to keep other areas of India under their control. There was also a lack of unity and common cause amongst the Indian population. The Punjab was uninterested in helping the rebellion and actually sent men and supplies to help the British. Some of the Indian princes were only interested in restoring their own powers and this often depended upon the support of the British. This explains why the ruler of Kashmir sent troops to help the British. Muslims were more likely to oppose the British in the war but there was no sense of unity with Sikhs and Hindus who were less likely to support them in their cause. Although there were a series of uprisings against the British, the Indians lacked coordination and strength in depth. As a result they were overcome by the British.
9. [14] LEVEL 5: As Level 4 – also produces a judgement or evaluation