As a metal ball falls through a liquid, it experiences a frictional force from the liquid that opposes the motion of the metal ball. Plan an experiment to determine the relationship between the density of a liquid contained in a measuring cylinder and the average speed of a metal ball falling through the liquid from the surface of the liquid to the bottom of the cylinder. The average speed of the ball is calculated using the equation: average speed = distance travelled / time taken The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 4.1. [Figure 4.1] The apparatus available includes: • a measuring cylinder • a metal ball • a selection of different liquids whose densities are known. You are not required to do this experiment. In your plan include: • any other apparatus needed • a brief description of the method, including what you will measure and how you make sure that your measurements are accurate • the variables you will control • a results table to record your measurements (you are not required to enter any readings in the table) • how you will process your results to draw a conclusion.
This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] ruler / measuring tape and stopwatch / timer / clock
- [1] all of: • measure the height of the liquid • drop the ball (from rest) • measure the time (it takes to reach the bottom) repeat for the other liquids / different density liquids
- [1] one of: • same height / volume of liquid • same mass / volume / shape of the ball / same (type of) ball
- [1] columns to include time / t / T and density / ρ / d with units
- [1] one of: • plot a graph of density against (average) speed • (compare the results to) see if / how / whether the density of the liquid affects the average speed
Write your answer and get it marked
On Oracle Prep you can write or photograph your own answer and have it marked by AI against this mark scheme, with feedback on what you missed.
Sign up free →