O-LevelBiologyHuman Nutrition5090/21 · Oct/Nov 2019 · Q110 Marks
The table shows some of the components found in 100cm³ of cow's milk, breast milk and breast milk substitute (formula milk). component | cow's milk | breast milk | breast milk substitute ---|---|---|--- protein/g | 3.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 sugar/g | 4.2 | 6.4 | 7.0 fat/g | 3.0 | 4.0 | 1.4 calcium/mg | 120.0 | 120.0 | 49.0 iron/mg | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 vitamin C/mg | 1.0 | 2.0 | 8.3 vitamin D/µg | 20.0 | 200.0 | 1.2
- (a)Name two main components of a normal healthy diet that do not appear in the table.[2]
- (b)State which type of milk would be least likely to ensure the development of healthy bones and teeth, and explain your answer. type of milk explanation[3]
- (c)State which type of milk would provide a baby with the greatest amount of energy. Give your reasons. type of milk reasons[3]
- (d)Suggest why babies fed on breast milk may have more resistance to disease than those fed on any other type of milk.[2]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2019). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] water;
- [1] fibre / roughage;
- [1] starch;
- [1] other named ion;
- [1] other named vitamin;
- [1] substitute (breast milk);
- [1] lacking or low in vitamin D ;
- [1] lacking or low in calcium ;
- [1] reference to rickets ;
- [1] breast milk;
- [1] highest fat / highest fat and sugar ;
- [1] high sugar;
- [1] comparative data quote ;
- [1] fat yields highest energy (per g) AW ;
- [1] antibodies;
- [1] (antibodies) made by mother / from mother ;
- [1] colostrum;
- [1] passive immunity;
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