Stalla is a sole trader who sells on credit. She maintains a provision for doubtful debts at 4% of trade receivables. Stalla's trade receivables were: At 31 December 2021: $75000 At 31 December 2022: $77000 Stalla charges depreciation at 25% per annum, using the reducing balance method. She charges a full year's depreciation in the year a vehicle is purchased and none in the year it is sold. On 31 December 2022, Stalla sold a vehicle for $9500. The vehicle had cost $16000 on 1 September 2020. The balances on Stalla's ledger accounts at 1 January 2022 included the following. Motor vehicles: $48000 Provision for depreciation on motor vehicles: $21000 Stalla had an extension to her retail premises built during 2023. The extension will be used as an office.
- (a)(i)Prepare Stalla's provision for doubtful debts account for the year ended 31 December 2022. Balance the account at 31 December 2022 and bring down the balance at 1 January 2023.[3]
- (a)(ii)State two reasons why Stalla maintains a provision for doubtful debts.[2]
- (b)Calculate the gain or loss on disposal of the vehicle.[4]
- (c)(i)Prepare Stalla's motor vehicles account for the year ended 31 December 2022. Balance the account at 31 December 2022 and bring down the balance at 1 January 2023.[2]
- (c)(ii)Prepare Stalla's provision for depreciation on motor vehicles account for the year ended 31 December 2022. Balance the account at 31 December 2022 and bring down the balance at 1 January 2023.[5]
- (d)Place a tick (✔) in the correct box below to indicate whether each cost is capital expenditure or revenue expenditure. Legal fees for obtaining permission to build the extension Building costs for the extension Insurance for the office Painting the office extension Office calendar for 2023 Purchase of office equipment Installation of office equipment Stationery for office[4]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] (a)(i) 2022 Jan 1 Balance b/d 3000 (Cr)
- [1] (a)(i) 2022 Dec 31 Income statement 80 (Cr) (OF)
- [1] (a)(i) 2023 Jan 1 Balance b/d 3080 (Cr) (OF)
- [1] (a)(ii) Not all trade receivables will pay the amount they owe/ to anticipate irrecoverable debts
- [1] (a)(ii) To apply the principle of prudence/ to ensure the profit is not overstated/ to ensure the trade receivables are not overstated
- [1] (a)(ii) To apply the principle of matching / to ensure that the sales for which payment is not likely to be received are regarded as an expense of the year in which the sales were made (Max 2)
- [1] (b) Cost 16000
- [1] (b) Less provision for depreciation 7000
- [1] (b) Carrying value 9000 (OF)
- [1] (b) Profit on disposal 500 (OF)
- [1] (c)(i) 2022 Jan 1 Balance b/d 48000 (Dr)
- [1] (c)(i) 2022 Dec 31 Disposal 16000 (Cr)
- [1] (c)(i) 2023 Jan 1 Balance b/d 32000 (Dr) (OF)
- [1] (c)(ii) 2022 Jan 1 Balance b/d 21000 (Cr)
- [1] (c)(ii) 2022 Dec 31 Disposal 7000 (Dr) (OF)
- [2] (c)(ii) 2022 Dec 31 Income statement 4500 (Cr) (CF) (OF)
- [1] (c)(ii) 2023 Jan 1 Balance b/d 18500 (Cr) (OF)
- [1] (d) Legal fees for obtaining permission to build the extension: Capital expenditure
- [1] (d) Building costs for the extension: Capital expenditure
- [1] (d) Insurance for the office: Revenue expenditure
- [1] (d) Painting the office extension: Capital expenditure
- [1] (d) Office calendar for 2023: Revenue expenditure
- [1] (d) Purchase of office equipment: Capital expenditure
- [1] (d) Installation of office equipment: Capital expenditure
- [1] (d) Stationery for office: Revenue expenditure (Max 4 for any 4 correct entries)
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