The trial balance of M Limited at 30 November 2021 was as follows. M Limited Trial Balance at 30 November 2021 Debit Credit $ Revenue $\quad$ 203600 Inventory at 1 December 2020 $\quad$ 12945 Purchases $\quad$ 143750 Rent and rates $\quad$ 12460 Operating expenses $\quad$ 12920 Wages $\quad$ 24 380 Equipment at cost $\quad$ 40000 Provision for depreciation of equipment $\quad$ 17500 Trade receivables $\quad$ 9800 Provision for irrecoverable debts $\quad$ 295 Bank $\quad$ 162 Trade payables $\quad$ 11585 Ordinary share capital $\quad$ 20000 General reserve $\quad$ 3000 Retained earnings $\quad$ 2037 Dividend paid on ordinary shares $\quad$ 1600 $\quad$ 258017 $\quad$ 258017 Additional information 1 Inventory at 30 November 2021 was valued at $12830. 2 Depreciation on equipment is to be charged at 25% per annum using the reducing balance method. 3 Accrued operating expenses at 30 November 2021 were $415. 4 Rent includes a payment of $2250 for the 3 months from 1 October 2021 to 31 December 2021. 5 The provision for doubtful debts is to be set at 4% of trade receivables. 6 No dividends were outstanding at 30 November 2021. 7 $1000 is to be transferred to the general reserve at 30 November 2021.
- (a)Prepare the income statement for M Limited for the year ended 30 November 2021.[7]
- (b)Prepare the statement of changes in equity for M Limited for the year ended 30 November 2021.[5]
- (c)Calculate the liquid ratio for M Limited at 30 November 2021. The answer should be correct to two decimal places.[3]
- (d)Advise Emily whether to fund the purchase of the equipment by issuing further ordinary shares or by requesting a bank overdraft. Justify your answer.[5]
Mark scheme
Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.
- [1] Revenue $203600
- [1] Cost of sales calculation $143865
- [1] Gross profit $59735 (OF)
- [1] Rent and rates $11710
- [1] Operating expenses $13335
- [1] Depreciation of equipment $5625
- [1] Provision for doubtful debts $97
- [1] On 1 December 2020 Total $25037
- [1] Profit for the year $4588 (OF from (a))
- [1] Dividend paid ($1600)
- [1] Transfer to general reserve $1000
- [1] On 30 November 2021 Total $28025 (OF)
- [1] Current assets (excluding inventory) calculation: Trade receivables $9800 - PFD $392 + Bank $162 + Prepaid rent $750 = $10320
- [1] Current liabilities calculation: Trade payables $11585 + Accrued operating expenses $415 = $12000
- [1] Liquid ratio $0.86:1 (OF)
- [1] Non-current assets should normally be financed by long-term debt or capital
- [1] Shareholders will expect a dividend
- [1] If any dividend was paid liquidity would be reduced
- [1] The shares would not need to be repaid
- [1] Existing ordinary shareholders may lose control of the company
- [1] Could take some time to raise the finance
- [1] Liability to bank ends when overdraft is cleared
- [1] Bank can request repayment at very short notice
- [1] Interest is payable until overdraft is cleared
- [1] Interest must be paid even if overdraft limit is reached
- [1] May find it difficult to repay the overdraft
- [1] Bank may require security for the overdraft
- [1] Recommendation (Need at least one advantage and one disadvantage in order to get recommendation mark)
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