Nazi rule had a profound impact on German society.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2022). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] Young people were encouraged to join movements like the Hitler Youth.
2. [1] Girls joined the League of German Maidens.
3. [1] Policies were changed in schools to indoctrinate youth.
4. [1] Membership of the Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936.
5. [1] The school curriculum was changed to reflect Nazi values.
6. [1] It was a male dominated regime.
7. [1] It was expected that they would raise children and run the house.
8. [1] Many women did not like the insistence on traditional dress.
9. [1] Many professional women were forced to leave their jobs.
10. [1] Discrimination against female applicants for jobs was encouraged.
11. [1] Schoolgirls were discouraged from going into higher education.
12. [1] Women were deprived of the vote.
13. [Level 3/4 explanation example] Some women were unhappy because they had to give up their careers. During the Weimar years, women had been encouraged to become educated and take up fulfilling careers. Now many women doctors, civil servants, lawyers and teachers were forced to leave their jobs and stay at home with their families. Many resented this as a restriction on their freedom and a waste of years of training.
14. [1] Millions voluntarily joined the Hitler Youth.
15. [1] There was indoctrination in the schools.
16. [1] The Swing Movement did not support the regime.
17. [1] The Edelweiss Pirates actively attacked the Hitler Youth.
18. [1] The Hitler Youth had to be made compulsory.
19. [Level 3 explanation example - Nazis won support from young people] In some ways it seemed as though the Nazis had won support from young people. By 1939, the Hitler Youth had 7 million members, mostly young Germans. Many were happy to join as other associations were banned and this offered many activities such as camping and a wide range of sports. Many boys saw it as a preparation for the armed forces.
20. [Level 3 explanation example - Nazis did not win over all young people] The Nazis did not win over all of German youth. Membership of the Hitler Youth was compulsory so it is difficult to tell if people joined because they wanted to do so. Rather than join the Hitler Youth, many young people joined the Catholic Youth Organisation or two groups which were hostile to the Nazi regime, the Swing Movement and the Edelweiss Pirates.