The Nazis controlled many aspects of life in Germany.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2021). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1-4] e.g. 'It was used to spread propaganda.'
2. [1-4] 'Radio programmes were controlled by the Nazis.'
3. [1-4] 'Cheap radios were made available and by 1939, 70% of households had them.'
4. [1-4] 'It was not possible to listen to foreign broadcasts on these radios.'
5. [1-4] 'All cafes and factories had radios so that people could hear Nazi broadcasts everywhere.'
6. [1-4] 'Goebbels made sure loudspeakers were put up in the streets.'
7. [2-3] 'They helped to control the German people.'
8. [2-3] 'They provided information on Germans by tapping phones.'
9. [2-3] 'They intercepted mail to find any enemies of the Nazi state.’
10. [2-3] 'They made it unsafe to express anti-Nazi views.'
11. [2-3] 'They had powers to arrest citizens and send them to concentration camps.'
12. [2-3] 'No one knew who to trust because of the network of informers.'
13. [4-5] e.g. 'The Gestapo was feared by German citizens because they could arrest citizens and send them to concentration camps without trial or explanation. They would find out if people had spoken out against Nazi policy by spying on people through their telephones, mail and accessing information through a network of informers, so no one knew who to trust.'
14. [2-3] 'Children and young people were indoctrinated to hate the Jews.’
15. [2-3] 'Some benefited when the Jews lost their jobs.'
16. [2-3] 'Some Germans tried to protect the Jews.'
17. [2-3] 'Many ignored the boycott of Jewish shops in 1933.'
18. [2-3] 'Some were horrified by the events of Kristallnacht.'
19. [4-6] e.g. 'When the Jews were driven out of their professions it meant that other people were able to take their jobs. Young people were indoctrinated to hate the Jews, and some joined in the persecution. There was no outcry from the German people about the events of Kristallnacht. However, maybe this was because people were afraid of speaking out rather than because they supported what the Nazis had done.'
20. [4-6] OR e.g. 'The policy towards the Jews was not popular with all Germans. For instance, when the boycott of Jewish shops was organised in April 1933, many Germans took no notice of the SA men who were standing guard outside the shops and carried on shopping as they usually did. The Nazis claimed that ordinary Germans had carried out the attacks on the Jews on Kristallnacht, but it was actually SA men.'