Despite many difficulties, the League of Nations had some successes.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (May/June 2023). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

1. [1] It could use verbal moral disapproval.
2. [1] It could vote against actions by countries.
3. [1] It could bring the two sides together for talks.
4. [1] It could impose economic sanctions.
5. [1] It could ask its members to contribute to an army and use force.
6. [1] The Depression led to extremists coming to power in some countries.
7. [1] The Depression encouraged militarism.
8. [1] The Depression made countries weaker economically.
9. [1] The Depression encouraged countries to annex new lands.
10. [1] The Depression meant that many governments had less to spend.
11. [1] International trade was suffering.
12. [4-5] Explanation: The Depression weakened national economies and reduced international trade, making countries reluctant to impose economic sanctions for fear of further damaging trade. This left the League relying on ineffective moral condemnation.
13. [1] Its agencies helped many refugees to return to their homelands after the 1st World War.
14. [1] The Health Organisation helped Russia deal with a typhus outbreak.
15. [1] The Health Organisation started a campaign to exterminate mosquitoes, reducing malaria and yellow fever.
16. [1] The Slavery Commission freed slaves in Sierra Leone.
17. [1] The International Labour Organisation limited the working hours for young children.
18. [1] The League resolved the Aaland Islands dispute by giving them to Finland.
19. [1] The League organised a plebiscite to resolve the dispute over Upper Silesia.
20. [1] The League successfully resolved the dispute between Turkey and Iraq over Mosul.
21. [1] The League intervened over the border dispute between Greece and Bulgaria.
22. [1] The League settled the differences between Columbia and Peru.
23. [4-6] Argument for agency successes: The Refugee Organisation under Nansen helped 425,000 displaced persons after WWI with resettlement, transport, camps, training, and identity documents. Health, Slavery, and Labour organizations also achieved significant humanitarian and social improvements.
24. [4-6] Argument against singular agency successes: The League also had major successes in resolving international disputes, such as settling the Aaland Islands dispute between Sweden and Finland, the Upper Silesia plebiscite, and mediating border disputes between Turkey and Iraq, and Greece and Bulgaria.