O-LevelGeographyPopulation and settlement2217/22 · Oct/Nov 2025 · Q38 Marks

Fig. 3.1 (Insert) shows information about the population living in squatter settlements in urban areas in selected countries in Africa. Which country has the largest urban population?

(a)(i)Fig. 3.1 (Insert) shows information about the population living in squatter settlements in urban areas in selected countries in Africa. Which country has the largest urban population?[1]
(a)(ii)Which country has the largest share of their urban population living in squatter settlements? Circle the correct answer. Egypt Namibia Sierra Leone Zimbabwe[1]
(a)(iii)Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of the method used for presenting the data shown in Fig. 3.1. advantage disadvantage[2]
(b)(i)Fig. 3.2 (Insert) shows a squatter settlement in Colombia, an LEDC in South America. Using Fig. 3.2, describe the materials used to build the different parts of the houses.[3]
(b)(ii)State one way that the residents of the squatter settlement shown in Fig. 3.2 have overcome the problem of building on a steep slope.[1]

This question uses a diagram from the original paper, which isn't shown here. Open the full paper from the past papers archive to see it.

Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2025). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[1] 3(a)(i) Nigeria
[1] 3(a)(ii) Sierra Leone
[2] 3(a)(iii) Advantage (reserve 1 mark) • can show a large data set/amount of information/number of countries • visually simple/clear • easy/quick/in colour to read/see pattern/ study/interpret/use/ understand/identify differences • distribution can be seen within continent • easy to compare (countries) Disadvantage (reserve 1 mark) • some countries/pie charts are too small/difficult to read • some countries missed out/only selected countries • some countries are superimposed on each other/too close together/difficult to find their accurate position • difficult to read off exact figures/read accurately/doesn't show (specific) data/numbers/not precise (for total urban population using key)
[3] 3(b)(i) • recycled materials • brick walls • (corrugated) metal/zincs/scrap metals/iron/tin/steel roof/stairs/railings • wood - windows(frames)/balcony surround/pillars/poles/supports/fencing /railings/doors/stairs • concrete/cement – walls/steps//pillars/stilts (to support houses) /bonding bricks/walls • tarpaulin/asbestos/plastic roofs • plaster/paint to coat/cover walls • glass/windows
[1] 3(b)(ii) • by constructing pillars/stilts/poles/joists/wooden beams OR planks to form an elevated platform • multiple storeys/houses are built on top of each other • terracing/steps/stairs

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