O-LevelGeographyPopulation and settlement2217/22 · Oct/Nov 2024 · Q28 Marks

Study Fig. 2.1, which shows the population structures of three countries, Somalia, Sweden and South Africa.

(a)State the number of: females aged 0–4 in Sweden males aged 55–59 in South Africa.[2]
(b)Compare the following features of the population structure of Somalia and the population structure of Sweden. proportion of young people proportion of people of working age proportion of old people[3]
(c)Rank the three countries in order of population size. largest smallest[2]
(d)Suggest one reason for the relatively low number of people aged 20–24 in South Africa.[1]

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Mark scheme

Marking points from the official mark scheme (Oct/Nov 2024). The mark or mark type is shown in brackets.

[2] 300 thousand/300 000/0.3 million; 950 thousand/950000/0.95 million/1 million/1 000 000.
[3] Young - Somalia more/Sweden less; Working - Somalia less/Sweden more; Old - Somalia less/Sweden more. NOTE: Allow higher/lower/highest/lowest etc. Only credit reference to the whole group. Not part e.g. 20–29-year-olds.
[2] South Africa Somalia Sweden 3 correct = 2, 1 correct = 1
[1] Low birth rate; High infant mortality rate; Emigration; Famine; Disease; War; Natural disaster.

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